The elongation ΔL of a wire is given by ΔL = (F * L) / (A * Y), where Y is Young's modulus.

The elongation ΔL of a wire is given by ΔL = FL / (AE), where E is Young's modulus.

Ampere's Law states ∮B·dl = μ₀I_enc, where I_enc is the enclosed current.

Ampere's Law states that the line integral of the magnetic field B around a closed path is equal to μ₀ times the total current I enclosed by the path.

Ampere's Law states that the line integral of B around a closed loop is μ₀ times the total current through the loop.

Inside a long straight conductor, the magnetic field is zero because the contributions from all parts of the conductor cancel out.

Boyle's law states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature, so if the volume is doubled, the pressure halves.

Boyle's law states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature, so if volume is doubled, pressure is halved.

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure, expressed as V ∝ T.

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure, meaning that as temperature increases, volume also increases.

Faraday's law states that the induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit.

Faraday's law states that the induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit.

Graham's law states that the rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas.

According to Kirchhoff's Current Law, total current entering = total current leaving. 2A + 3A + 1A = 6A.

According to Kirchhoff's Current Law, the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving it. Total entering = 2A + 3A + 4A = 9A.

According to Kirchhoff's Current Law, the sum of currents entering a junction equals the sum of currents leaving. Therefore, I_out = 2A + 3A + 4A = 9A.

According to Kirchhoff's Current Law, the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving it. Therefore, total current leaving = 2A + 3A + 5A = 10A.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of the electrical potential differences (voltage) around any closed circuit is zero.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of the electromotive forces and potential differences in any closed loop is zero.

Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

The magnetic field dB is proportional to Idl and sin(θ), where θ is the angle between the current element and the line connecting the current element to the point of interest.

The ideal gas law is represented by the equation PV = nRT.

According to the kinetic molecular theory, gas particles are in constant motion.

The pressure exerted by a gas is due to the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container, which transfers momentum to the walls.

The pressure of a gas is caused by the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container, which exert force on the walls.

The pressure exerted by a gas is due to the collisions of gas molecules with the walls of the container.

AX2E2 indicates two bonding pairs and two lone pairs, resulting in a bent shape.

Using the formula: h = 0.5 * g * t², where h = 80 m and g = 9.8 m/s². Solving for t gives t = sqrt(2h/g) = sqrt(2*80/9.8) ≈ 4.04 s, approximately 4 s.

Using the formula: h = 0.5 * g * t². 80 = 0.5 * 10 * t². Solving gives t² = 16, so t = 4 s.

In equilibrium, the net force is zero. The forces cancel each other out: 15 N - 10 N = 5 N.