Q. In the context of world history, which event is often linked to the rise of poverty in post-colonial African nations?
A.A. The Berlin Conference
B.B. The Cold War
C.C. The Scramble for Africa
D.D. The Great Depression
Solution
The Scramble for Africa led to arbitrary borders and exploitation of resources, contributing to long-term poverty in many African nations post-independence.
Q. The Great Bengal Famine of 1943 is often cited as a consequence of which British policy? (1943)
A.A. De-industrialization
B.B. Export of food grains
C.C. Land reforms
D.D. Agricultural subsidies
Solution
The British government's decision to export food grains during World War II, despite the famine, exacerbated the situation and led to millions of deaths.
Q. Which economic theory, developed in the 20th century, emphasizes the role of structural factors in perpetuating poverty? (1960)
A.A. Classical economics
B.B. Keynesian economics
C.C. Dependency theory
D.D. Neoclassical economics
Solution
Dependency theory argues that the economic conditions of developing countries are shaped by their historical and structural relationships with developed nations, leading to persistent poverty.
Q. Which global organization has been instrumental in shaping poverty alleviation strategies in developing countries since its inception? (1944)
A.A. United Nations
B.B. World Bank
C.C. International Monetary Fund
D.D. World Trade Organization
Solution
The World Bank has played a crucial role in providing financial and technical assistance to developing countries for poverty alleviation and economic development.
Q. Which of the following factors contributed most significantly to the rise of poverty in India during the British colonial period?
A.A. Agricultural policies
B.B. Industrialization
C.C. Education reforms
D.D. Urbanization
Solution
The British colonial policies, particularly in agriculture, led to widespread poverty due to exploitative land revenue systems and neglect of rural development.
Q. Which of the following movements aimed at alleviating poverty and improving the socio-economic conditions of the rural poor in India post-independence? (1960)
A.A. Green Revolution
B.B. Non-Aligned Movement
C.C. Quit India Movement
D.D. Civil Disobedience Movement
Solution
The Green Revolution aimed to increase agricultural productivity, which was crucial for improving the socio-economic conditions of the rural poor.
Q. Which of the following was a significant outcome of the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 in relation to poverty? (1917)
A.A. Abolition of zamindari system
B.B. Improvement in the plight of indigo farmers
C.C. Establishment of cooperative societies
D.D. Introduction of land reforms
Solution
The Champaran Satyagraha led to improvements in the conditions of indigo farmers, who were suffering from exploitative practices, thus addressing some aspects of rural poverty.
Correct Answer: B — B. Improvement in the plight of indigo farmers
