The stomach is the primary site of protein digestion, where pepsin begins the breakdown of proteins.

The primary site of respiration in plant cells is the mitochondria, where ATP is produced through cellular respiration.

Sunlight is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems, as it drives photosynthesis in plants.

Solar energy is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems, driving photosynthesis in plants.

Solar energy is the primary source of energy for photosynthesis, driving the process.

Mutation is the primary source of genetic variation in a population, as it introduces new alleles into the gene pool, which can then be acted upon by natural selection.

Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation, providing the raw material for evolution.

All of the listed options contribute significantly to water pollution, affecting aquatic life and human health.

Bioremediation is primarily used to clean up environmental pollutants using microorganisms.

CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA sequences.

Insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology is primarily used to treat diabetes by regulating blood sugar levels.

The probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring (aa) from a cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa) is 25%.

Replication is the process by which DNA is copied to produce an identical molecule, ensuring genetic continuity.

Replication is the process by which DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

Replication is the process by which DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

The food chain illustrates how energy is transferred from one trophic level to another in an ecosystem.

The process of fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilization.

Pre-natal care is aimed at ensuring the health of both the mother and the developing fetus during pregnancy.

DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins DNA fragments together, which is essential for creating recombinant DNA molecules in genetic engineering.

A promoter is a DNA sequence that initiates transcription of a gene, allowing for the expression of the inserted gene in the host organism.

A promoter is a DNA sequence that initiates transcription of a particular gene, driving the expression of the inserted gene in a recombinant DNA molecule.

Selectable markers are genes that confer resistance to antibiotics or other substances, allowing for the identification of cells that have successfully taken up the vector.

Selectable markers are genes that confer resistance to antibiotics or other substances, allowing researchers to identify cells that have successfully taken up the recombinant DNA.

Biopesticides are used to control pests through natural organisms, making option 'To control pests using natural organisms' the correct answer.

CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA.

DNA fingerprinting is used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles, making it crucial in forensic science.

Markers are used to track genetic changes and ensure the desired traits are present in genetically modified crops.

Plasmids are used as vectors to transfer genes into host cells in genetic engineering.

Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sequences, which is essential for cloning and genetic engineering.

The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is approximately -70 mV.