Ketones are generally less polar than aldehydes due to the absence of a hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon.

Adenine is a purine, which is one of the two types of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids.

Microbes, particularly certain bacteria, play a vital role in nitrogen fixation, which is essential for plant growth.

Yeast, particularly Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is used in the production of alcohol through fermentation.

Potassium deficiency often results in leaf curling and marginal leaf scorch, indicating poor water regulation.

Both mutation and gene flow contribute to genetic variation in a population, providing the raw material for evolution.

All of the options listed (mutation, gene flow, and sexual reproduction) are sources of genetic variation in populations.

Organic farming is considered a sustainable practice as it promotes biodiversity and reduces chemical inputs.

Frequent urination is a common symptom of diabetes due to high blood sugar levels.

High fever is a common symptom of malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites.

Necrosis of leaf tips is a common symptom of potassium deficiency, as potassium is vital for various physiological processes.

A persistent cough is a common symptom of tuberculosis, along with other respiratory issues.

Tartrazine is a synthetic yellow dye commonly used in food products.

Tartrazine is a synthetic yellow food colorant commonly used in various food products.

Aspartame is a synthetic sweetener used in many low-calorie and sugar-free products.

Systematic errors are consistent and repeatable errors associated with faulty equipment or a flawed experiment design, such as zero error.

The Sanger method is a widely used technique for DNA sequencing, allowing for the determination of the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

2-propanol (isopropanol) is a tertiary alcohol as the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon that is connected to three other carbons.

N(CH3)3 (trimethylamine) is a tertiary amine as it has three alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen.

Cellulose is a type of carbohydrate that humans cannot digest, but it is important for dietary fiber.

Pine is a type of gymnosperm, known for its needle-like leaves and cones.

Moss is a type of non-vascular plant, classified under bryophytes.

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a type of RNA that is a key component of ribosomes, facilitating protein synthesis.

Paramecium is a unicellular eukaryote.

Paramecium is a unicellular eukaryotic organism.

Euglena is a unicellular organism.

Hertz (Hz) is the unit of frequency, defined as cycles per second.

Malaria is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito, which acts as a vector.

Dengue fever is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.

Urea is a waste product formed from the breakdown of proteins and is excreted in urine.