The weak nuclear force is mediated by the W and Z bosons.

Electrons, particularly those in the outer shell, determine the chemical properties of an atom.

A.O. Hume was one of the founders of the Indian National Congress in 1885, which became a major political party in India.

Vaporization occurs at the boiling point when a liquid turns into gas.

Anaphase follows metaphase, where sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Mitosis is the phase of the cell cycle where the nucleus divides, resulting in two nuclei.

The G2 phase is where the cell prepares for mitosis, ensuring all DNA is replicated and the cell is ready to divide.

The S phase is specifically designated for DNA replication, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material.

The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light, as it shows that light can be thought of as consisting of particles (photons) that can impart energy to electrons.

The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light, as it involves the emission of electrons due to the absorption of photons.

The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light, as it shows that light can be thought of as consisting of particles (photons) that can impart energy to electrons.

The emission of electrons in the photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light, as it involves the transfer of energy from photons to electrons.

The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light as it involves photons colliding with electrons.

The splitting of light into two rays in a birefringent material is known as double refraction.

Diffraction is the phenomenon that explains the bending of waves around obstacles and the spreading of waves when they pass through openings.

The Doppler effect describes the change in frequency (and wavelength) of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.

The formation of a rainbow is primarily due to the refraction of light as it enters and exits water droplets in the atmosphere, along with reflection inside the droplets.

Rayleigh scattering is responsible for the polarization of light, especially in the atmosphere, as shorter wavelengths scatter more than longer wavelengths.

Surface tension allows the needle to float on water, as it creates a 'skin' on the surface that can support the weight of the needle.

Capillary action allows liquids to rise in narrow spaces, such as a straw, due to adhesive and cohesive forces.

A blizzard is characterized by a significant drop in temperature and heavy snowfall, often accompanied by strong winds.

Surface tension causes small droplets to minimize their surface area, resulting in a spherical shape.

The blue color of the sky is due to Rayleigh scattering, which is a form of polarization.

Refraction occurs when a wave passes from one medium to another and changes speed, resulting in a change in direction.

Francis Bacon's work in the early 17th century laid the foundation for the scientific method, emphasizing empirical evidence and experimentation, which later influenced the methodologies used in space exploration.

Consequentialism posits that the morality of an action is judged solely by its outcomes or consequences.

Chlorophyll is the pigment that gives plants their green color and is essential for photosynthesis, allowing plants to absorb light energy.

Jupiter has the highest gravitational acceleration among the planets in our solar system, approximately 24.79 m/s².

Pteridophytes reproduce through spores, which are produced in sporangia.

Auxins are responsible for maintaining apical dominance by inhibiting the growth of lateral buds.