Sets, Relations & Functions
Q. If x = cos^(-1)(1/2), what is sin(x)?
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Solution
If x = cos^(-1)(1/2), then x = π/3, thus sin(x) = sin(π/3) = √3/2.
Correct Answer: A — √3/2
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Q. If x = sin^(-1)(-1), then the value of x is:
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Solution
sin^(-1)(-1) corresponds to the angle -π/2.
Correct Answer: A — -π/2
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Q. If x = sin^(-1)(-1), what is the value of x?
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Solution
sin^(-1)(-1) corresponds to the angle -π/2.
Correct Answer: A — -π/2
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Q. If x = sin^(-1)(1/2), then the value of cos(x) is:
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Solution
If x = sin^(-1)(1/2), then x = π/6. Therefore, cos(x) = cos(π/6) = √3/2.
Correct Answer: B — √3/2
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Q. If x = sin^(-1)(1/3), then what is the value of cos(x)?
A.
√(8)/3
B.
√(2)/3
C.
1/3
D.
2/3
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Solution
Using the identity cos(x) = √(1 - sin^2(x)), we find cos(sin^(-1)(1/3)) = √(1 - (1/3)^2) = √(8)/3.
Correct Answer: A — √(8)/3
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Q. If x = tan^(-1)(1), then the value of x is:
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Solution
tan^(-1)(1) = π/4.
Correct Answer: A — π/4
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Q. If x = tan^(-1)(1/√3), what is the value of x?
A.
π/6
B.
π/4
C.
π/3
D.
0
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Solution
tan^(-1)(1/√3) = π/6, since tan(π/6) = 1/√3.
Correct Answer: A — π/6
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Q. If y = cos^(-1)(x), then dy/dx is:
A.
-1/√(1-x^2)
B.
1/√(1-x^2)
C.
0
D.
1
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Solution
The derivative of cos^(-1)(x) is dy/dx = -1/√(1-x^2).
Correct Answer: A — -1/√(1-x^2)
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Q. If y = sin^(-1)(x), then what is the derivative dy/dx?
A.
1/√(1-x^2)
B.
1/(1-x^2)
C.
√(1-x^2)
D.
1/x
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Solution
The derivative of y = sin^(-1)(x) is dy/dx = 1/√(1-x^2).
Correct Answer: A — 1/√(1-x^2)
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Q. If y = sin^(-1)(x), then x = sin(y) implies:
A.
y = x
B.
y = -x
C.
y = 1-x
D.
y = 1+x
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Solution
By definition, if y = sin^(-1)(x), then x = sin(y).
Correct Answer: A — y = x
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Q. If y = sin^(-1)(x), what is the second derivative d^2y/dx^2?
A.
0
B.
1/√(1-x^2)^3
C.
-1/√(1-x^2)^3
D.
undefined
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Solution
The second derivative d^2y/dx^2 = -1/√(1-x^2)^3.
Correct Answer: C — -1/√(1-x^2)^3
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Q. If y = tan^(-1)(x), then the range of y is:
A.
(-π/2, π/2)
B.
(0, π)
C.
(-π, π)
D.
[0, 1]
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Solution
The range of y = tan^(-1)(x) is (-π/2, π/2).
Correct Answer: A — (-π/2, π/2)
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Q. If y = tan^(-1)(x), then what is the second derivative d^2y/dx^2?
A.
0
B.
-2/(1+x^2)^2
C.
2/(1+x^2)^2
D.
1/(1+x^2)
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Solution
The first derivative dy/dx = 1/(1+x^2). The second derivative d^2y/dx^2 = -2/(1+x^2)^2.
Correct Answer: B — -2/(1+x^2)^2
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Q. If \( y = \cot^{-1}(x) \), what is \( \frac{dy}{dx} \)?
A.
\( -\frac{1}{1+x^2} \)
B.
\( \frac{1}{1+x^2} \)
C.
0
D.
undefined
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Solution
The derivative of \( y = \cot^{-1}(x) \) is \( -\frac{1}{1+x^2} \).
Correct Answer: A — \( -\frac{1}{1+x^2} \)
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Q. If \( y = \sec^{-1}(x) \), what is \( \frac{dy}{dx} \)?
A.
\( \frac{1}{
B.
x
C.
\sqrt{x^2-1}} \)
D.
\( \frac{1}{x\sqrt{x^2-1}} \)
.
0
.
undefined
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Solution
The derivative of \( y = \sec^{-1}(x) \) is \( \frac{1}{|x|\sqrt{x^2-1}} \).
Correct Answer: B — x
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Q. If \( y = \sin^{-1}(x) + \cos^{-1}(x) \), what is the value of \( y \)?
A.
0
B.
1
C.
\( \frac{\pi}{2} \)
D.
undefined
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Solution
Since \( \sin^{-1}(x) + \cos^{-1}(x) = \frac{\pi}{2} \) for all \( x \) in the domain of \( \sin^{-1} \) and \( \cos^{-1} \), the answer is \( \frac{\pi}{2} \).
Correct Answer: C — \( \frac{\pi}{2} \)
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Q. If \( y = \tan^{-1}(x) + \tan^{-1}(y) \), what is the value of \( y \) when \( x = 1 \)?
A.
0
B.
1
C.
\( \frac{\pi}{4} \)
D.
undefined
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Solution
When \( x = 1 \), \( y = \tan^{-1}(1) + \tan^{-1}(y) \) leads to \( y = \frac{\pi}{4} \).
Correct Answer: C — \( \frac{\pi}{4} \)
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Q. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be the relation defined by R = {(a, b) | a < b}. How many ordered pairs are in R?
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Solution
The pairs are (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (2,3), (2,4), (3,4). Thus, there are 6 ordered pairs.
Correct Answer: B — 6
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Q. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be the relation defined by R = {(x, y) | x < y}. How many ordered pairs are in R?
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Solution
The ordered pairs are (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (2,3), (2,4), (3,4). Thus, there are 6 ordered pairs.
Correct Answer: B — 6
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Q. Let R be a relation on the set of natural numbers defined by R = {(m, n) | m divides n}. Is R a partial order?
A.
Yes
B.
No
C.
Only reflexive
D.
Only transitive
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Solution
R is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive, thus it is a partial order.
Correct Answer: A — Yes
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Q. The function f(x) = x^2 - 4 is:
A.
Always increasing
B.
Always decreasing
C.
Neither increasing nor decreasing
D.
Both increasing and decreasing
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Solution
The function has a minimum at x = 0, hence it is neither always increasing nor decreasing.
Correct Answer: C — Neither increasing nor decreasing
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Q. The function f(x) = x^2 - 4x + 4 can be expressed in which form?
A.
(x - 2)^2
B.
(x + 2)^2
C.
(x - 4)^2
D.
(x + 4)^2
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Solution
f(x) = (x - 2)^2 is the completed square form.
Correct Answer: A — (x - 2)^2
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Q. The function f(x) = |x - 3| is continuous at which of the following points?
A.
x = 1
B.
x = 2
C.
x = 3
D.
x = 4
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Solution
The function |x - 3| is continuous everywhere, including at x = 3.
Correct Answer: C — x = 3
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Q. The range of sin^(-1)(x) is:
A.
[-π/2, π/2]
B.
[0, π]
C.
[-1, 1]
D.
[0, 1]
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Solution
The range of sin^(-1)(x) is [-π/2, π/2].
Correct Answer: A — [-π/2, π/2]
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Q. The range of the function f(x) = |x - 1| is:
A.
(-∞, 1)
B.
[0, ∞)
C.
(-1, 1)
D.
[1, ∞)
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Solution
The absolute value function has a minimum value of 0, hence the range is [0, ∞).
Correct Answer: B — [0, ∞)
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Q. The range of the function y = sin^(-1)(x) is:
A.
(0, π)
B.
[-π/2, π/2]
C.
[-1, 1]
D.
[0, 1]
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Solution
The range of y = sin^(-1)(x) is [-π/2, π/2].
Correct Answer: B — [-π/2, π/2]
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Q. The value of cos(tan^(-1)(x)) is:
A.
1/√(1+x^2)
B.
x/√(1+x^2)
C.
√(1+x^2)/x
D.
0
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Solution
Using the right triangle definition, cos(tan^(-1)(x)) = adjacent/hypotenuse = 1/√(1+x^2).
Correct Answer: A — 1/√(1+x^2)
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Q. The value of sin(tan^(-1)(x)) is:
A.
x/√(1+x^2)
B.
√(1-x^2)
C.
1/√(1+x^2)
D.
x
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Solution
Using the right triangle definition, sin(tan^(-1)(x)) = opposite/hypotenuse = x/√(1+x^2).
Correct Answer: A — x/√(1+x^2)
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Q. The value of sin^(-1)(sin(π/4)) is:
A.
π/4
B.
3π/4
C.
0
D.
π/2
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Solution
Since π/4 is in the range of sin^(-1), sin^(-1)(sin(π/4)) = π/4.
Correct Answer: A — π/4
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Q. What is the composition of functions f(g(x)) if f(x) = x + 1 and g(x) = 2x?
A.
2x + 1
B.
2x - 1
C.
x + 2
D.
x + 1
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Solution
f(g(x)) = f(2x) = 2x + 1.
Correct Answer: A — 2x + 1
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