Physics
Q. A 10 kg mass is lifted to a height of 5 m. What is the potential energy gained? (Take g = 10 m/s²)
A.
50 J
B.
100 J
C.
150 J
D.
200 J
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Solution
Potential energy PE = mgh = 10 kg * 10 m/s² * 5 m = 500 J.
Correct Answer: B — 100 J
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Q. A 100 g piece of metal at 150°C is placed in 200 g of water at 25°C. What is the final temperature of the system assuming no heat loss? (2019)
A.
30°C
B.
40°C
C.
50°C
D.
60°C
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Solution
Using the principle of conservation of energy, we can calculate the final temperature to be 50°C.
Correct Answer: C — 50°C
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Q. A 5 kg block of metal is heated from 20°C to 100°C. If the specific heat capacity of the metal is 0.5 J/g°C, how much heat is required? (2023)
A.
2000 J
B.
2500 J
C.
3000 J
D.
3500 J
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Solution
Heat (Q) = m * c * ΔT = 5000 g * 0.5 J/g°C * (100°C - 20°C) = 5000 * 0.5 * 80 = 200000 J = 2000 J.
Correct Answer: C — 3000 J
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Q. A 5 kg object is dropped from a height of 20 m. What is its velocity just before it hits the ground? (Take g = 10 m/s²)
A.
10 m/s
B.
20 m/s
C.
15 m/s
D.
25 m/s
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Solution
Using the formula v² = u² + 2gh, where u = 0, we have v = √(0 + 2*10*20) = √400 = 20 m/s.
Correct Answer: B — 20 m/s
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Q. A ball is dropped from a height of 80 m. How long will it take to reach the ground? (Take g = 10 m/s²) (2021)
A.
4 s
B.
5 s
C.
6 s
D.
8 s
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Solution
Using the formula h = (1/2)gt², we have 80 = (1/2)(10)t². Solving gives t² = 16, so t = 4 s.
Correct Answer: B — 5 s
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Q. A beam of light passes from air into a medium with a refractive index of 1.5. If the angle of incidence is 30 degrees, what is the angle of refraction? (2022)
A.
19.1 degrees
B.
20 degrees
C.
25 degrees
D.
30 degrees
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Solution
Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(i) = n2 * sin(r). Thus, sin(r) = (1 * sin(30)) / 1.5 = 0.333, giving r ≈ 19.1 degrees.
Correct Answer: A — 19.1 degrees
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Q. A block of mass 5 kg is placed on a frictionless surface and is pushed with a force of 20 N. What is the acceleration of the block?
A.
2 m/s²
B.
4 m/s²
C.
5 m/s²
D.
10 m/s²
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Solution
Using Newton's second law, F = ma, we have a = F/m = 20 N / 5 kg = 4 m/s².
Correct Answer: B — 4 m/s²
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Q. A body is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 20 m/s. What is the maximum height reached by the body? (Take g = 10 m/s²)
A.
20 m
B.
40 m
C.
30 m
D.
50 m
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Solution
Using the formula h = (u²)/(2g), where u = 20 m/s and g = 10 m/s², we get h = (20²)/(2*10) = 400/20 = 20 m.
Correct Answer: B — 40 m
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Q. A capacitor of capacitance 10 microfarads is charged to a voltage of 5 volts. What is the charge stored in the capacitor?
A.
50 microcoulombs
B.
5 microcoulombs
C.
0.5 microcoulombs
D.
100 microcoulombs
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Solution
Charge (Q) is given by Q = C * V. Thus, Q = 10 µF * 5 V = 50 µC.
Correct Answer: A — 50 microcoulombs
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Q. A capacitor stores 5 microfarads of charge at a voltage of 10 volts. What is the energy stored in the capacitor?
A.
0.25 mJ
B.
0.5 mJ
C.
0.75 mJ
D.
1 mJ
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Solution
The energy stored in a capacitor is given by the formula E = 0.5 * C * V^2. Here, E = 0.5 * 5 * 10^-6 F * (10 V)^2 = 0.5 * 5 * 10^-6 * 100 = 0.25 mJ.
Correct Answer: B — 0.5 mJ
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Q. A car travels 100 km in 2 hours and then 50 km in 1 hour. What is the total average speed of the car? (2019)
A.
50 km/h
B.
60 km/h
C.
70 km/h
D.
80 km/h
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Solution
Total distance = 100 + 50 = 150 km. Total time = 2 + 1 = 3 hours. Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 150/3 = 50 km/h.
Correct Answer: B — 60 km/h
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Q. A car travels at a speed of 60 km/h. How far will it travel in 2.5 hours? (2021)
A.
120 km
B.
150 km
C.
180 km
D.
200 km
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Solution
Distance = Speed × Time = 60 km/h × 2.5 h = 150 km
Correct Answer: B — 150 km
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Q. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. What is the radius of curvature of the mirror? (2021)
A.
10 cm
B.
20 cm
C.
30 cm
D.
40 cm
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Solution
The radius of curvature (R) is twice the focal length (f). Therefore, R = 2f = 2 * 20 cm = 40 cm.
Correct Answer: B — 20 cm
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Q. A convex lens has a focal length of 25 cm. What is the power of the lens? (2021)
A.
+2 D
B.
+4 D
C.
+6 D
D.
+8 D
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Solution
Power (P) = 1/f (in meters). Thus, P = 1/0.25 = +4 D.
Correct Answer: B — +4 D
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Q. A cyclist covers a distance of 30 km at a speed of 15 km/h. How long does it take to complete the journey? (2022)
A.
1 hour
B.
2 hours
C.
2.5 hours
D.
3 hours
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Solution
Time = Distance / Speed = 30 km / 15 km/h = 2 hours.
Correct Answer: B — 2 hours
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Q. A lens forms a real image that is twice the size of the object. If the object distance is 10 cm, what is the image distance? (2021)
A.
10 cm
B.
15 cm
C.
20 cm
D.
25 cm
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Solution
Using the magnification formula m = -v/u, where m = 2 and u = -10 cm, we find v = -2 * (-10) = 20 cm.
Correct Answer: C — 20 cm
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Q. A pendulum swings with a period of 2 seconds. What is the length of the pendulum? (Take g = 10 m/s²)
A.
1 m
B.
2 m
C.
0.5 m
D.
0.25 m
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Solution
Using the formula T = 2π√(l/g), we have l = (T² * g)/(4π²) = (2² * 10)/(4π²) = 1 m.
Correct Answer: B — 2 m
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Q. A person walks 3 km north and then 4 km east. What is the straight-line distance from the starting point? (2021)
A.
5 km
B.
6 km
C.
7 km
D.
8 km
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Solution
Using Pythagoras theorem, distance = √(3² + 4²) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5 km.
Correct Answer: A — 5 km
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Q. A person walks 3 km towards the north and then 4 km towards the east. What is the straight-line distance from the starting point? (2020)
A.
5 km
B.
6 km
C.
7 km
D.
8 km
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Solution
Using Pythagoras theorem, distance = √(3² + 4²) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5 km.
Correct Answer: A — 5 km
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Q. A projectile is launched at an angle of 30° with the horizontal with an initial velocity of 40 m/s. What is the horizontal range of the projectile? (Take g = 10 m/s²)
A.
160 m
B.
200 m
C.
80 m
D.
120 m
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Solution
Range R = (u² * sin(2θ))/g = (40² * sin(60°))/10 = (1600 * √3/2)/10 = 80√3 m ≈ 138.56 m.
Correct Answer: B — 200 m
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Q. A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of 30 degrees to the normal. What is the angle of reflection? (2022)
A.
30 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
90 degrees
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Solution
According to the law of reflection, the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. Therefore, the angle of reflection is 30 degrees.
Correct Answer: A — 30 degrees
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Q. A runner completes a 400 m lap in 50 seconds. What is the average speed of the runner in m/s? (2019)
A.
6 m/s
B.
7 m/s
C.
8 m/s
D.
9 m/s
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Solution
Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 400 m / 50 s = 8 m/s.
Correct Answer: A — 6 m/s
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Q. A sound wave has a frequency of 440 Hz. What is its period?
A.
0.00227 s
B.
0.00455 s
C.
0.01 s
D.
0.1 s
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Solution
The period (T) is the inverse of frequency (f), T = 1/f = 1/440 ≈ 0.00227 s.
Correct Answer: B — 0.00455 s
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Q. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 15 m/s. How long will it take to reach the highest point? (Take g = 10 m/s²) (2023)
A.
1.5 s
B.
2 s
C.
3 s
D.
4 s
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Solution
Time to reach highest point = u/g = 15/10 = 1.5 s.
Correct Answer: B — 2 s
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Q. A train leaves a station at 2 PM traveling at 80 km/h. If it travels for 3 hours, at what time will it arrive at the next station? (2022)
A.
4 PM
B.
5 PM
C.
6 PM
D.
7 PM
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Solution
Departure time = 2 PM, travel time = 3 hours. Arrival time = 2 PM + 3 hours = 5 PM.
Correct Answer: C — 6 PM
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Q. A train travels 120 km at a speed of 60 km/h and then 180 km at 90 km/h. What is the average speed for the entire journey? (2019)
A.
72 km/h
B.
75 km/h
C.
80 km/h
D.
85 km/h
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Solution
Total time = (120/60) + (180/90) = 2 + 2 = 4 hours. Total distance = 120 + 180 = 300 km. Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 300/4 = 75 km/h.
Correct Answer: C — 80 km/h
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Q. A train travels from station A to station B, a distance of 300 km, at a speed of 75 km/h. How long does the journey take? (2019)
A.
3 hours
B.
4 hours
C.
5 hours
D.
6 hours
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Solution
Time = Distance / Speed = 300 km / 75 km/h = 4 hours.
Correct Answer: C — 5 hours
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Q. A vehicle accelerates from rest at a rate of 2 m/s². How far does it travel in 10 seconds? (2020)
A.
50 m
B.
100 m
C.
150 m
D.
200 m
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Solution
Using the formula s = ut + (1/2)at²; s = 0 + (1/2)(2)(10²) = 100 m.
Correct Answer: B — 100 m
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Q. An object is placed 30 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 15 cm. What is the position of the image formed? (2020)
A.
10 cm
B.
15 cm
C.
20 cm
D.
25 cm
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Solution
Using the lens formula 1/f = 1/v - 1/u, where u = -30 cm and f = 15 cm, we find v = 10 cm.
Correct Answer: D — 25 cm
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Q. An object is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 20 m/s. How high will it rise before coming to rest? (Take g = 10 m/s²) (2020)
A.
20 m
B.
40 m
C.
50 m
D.
80 m
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Solution
Using the formula h = (u²)/(2g) = (20²)/(2 × 10) = 20 m.
Correct Answer: B — 40 m
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