Q. What is the standard enthalpy of formation for elements in their standard state?
-
A.
0 kJ/mol
-
B.
1 kJ/mol
-
C.
100 kJ/mol
-
D.
Not defined
Solution
The standard enthalpy of formation for elements in their standard state is defined as 0 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: A — 0 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for the reaction: 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g)?
-
A.
Positive
-
B.
Negative
-
C.
Zero
-
D.
Cannot be determined
Solution
The reaction decreases the number of gas molecules from 3 to 2, leading to a decrease in disorder and thus a negative ΔS°.
Correct Answer: B — Negative
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Q. What is the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for the reaction: 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)?
-
A.
Positive
-
B.
Negative
-
C.
Zero
-
D.
Cannot be determined
Solution
The reaction results in a decrease in the number of gas molecules (from 3 to 2), leading to a negative change in entropy.
Correct Answer: B — Negative
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Q. What is the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for the reaction: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)?
-
A.
Increases
-
B.
Decreases
-
C.
Remains constant
-
D.
Cannot be determined
Solution
The reaction decreases the number of gas molecules from 3 to 2, leading to a decrease in entropy.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What is the standard Gibbs Free Energy change (ΔG°) for a reaction at standard conditions?
-
A.
Always zero
-
B.
Depends on the reaction
-
C.
Is a constant value
-
D.
Is always positive
Solution
ΔG° depends on the specific reaction and its conditions.
Correct Answer: B — Depends on the reaction
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Q. What is the standard molar entropy of a substance?
-
A.
Entropy at 0 K
-
B.
Entropy at 25 °C and 1 atm
-
C.
Entropy at boiling point
-
D.
Entropy at melting point
Solution
Standard molar entropy is defined as the entropy of 1 mole of a substance at 25 °C and 1 atm pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Entropy at 25 °C and 1 atm
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Q. What is the standard state of a substance?
-
A.
The most stable form at 1 atm and 25°C
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B.
Any form of the substance
-
C.
The gaseous form only
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D.
The liquid form only
Solution
The standard state of a substance is defined as its most stable form at 1 atm pressure and 25°C.
Correct Answer: A — The most stable form at 1 atm and 25°C
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Q. What is the structural formula for 2-methylpropane?
-
A.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3
-
B.
CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
-
C.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
-
D.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH2)-CH3
Solution
The structural formula for 2-methylpropane is CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3.
Correct Answer: B — CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
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Q. What is the structural formula for hexane?
-
A.
C6H14
-
B.
C5H12
-
C.
C4H10
-
D.
C3H8
Solution
The structural formula for hexane is C6H14.
Correct Answer: A — C6H14
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Q. What is the structural formula of 2-methylpropane?
-
A.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3
-
B.
CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
-
C.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
-
D.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH2)-CH3
Solution
The structural formula of 2-methylpropane is CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3.
Correct Answer: B — CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
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Q. What is the structural formula of propane?
-
A.
C3H8
-
B.
C2H6
-
C.
C4H10
-
D.
C5H12
Solution
The structural formula of propane is C3H8, indicating three carbon atoms.
Correct Answer: A — C3H8
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Q. What is the structure of DNA?
-
A.
Single-stranded
-
B.
Double helix
-
C.
Triple helix
-
D.
Linear
Solution
DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that coil around each other.
Correct Answer: B — Double helix
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Q. What is the term for the accumulation of harmful substances in the food chain?
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A.
Biomagnification
-
B.
Bioaccumulation
-
C.
Eutrophication
-
D.
Sustainability
Solution
Biomagnification refers to the increasing concentration of harmful substances in organisms at each trophic level of the food chain.
Correct Answer: A — Biomagnification
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Q. What is the term for the change of state from gas to liquid?
-
A.
Sublimation
-
B.
Condensation
-
C.
Evaporation
-
D.
Freezing
Solution
Condensation is the process where gas turns into liquid as it loses energy.
Correct Answer: B — Condensation
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Q. What is the term for the change of state from liquid to gas?
-
A.
Condensation
-
B.
Evaporation
-
C.
Sublimation
-
D.
Freezing
Solution
Evaporation is the process of changing from liquid to gas.
Correct Answer: B — Evaporation
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Q. What is the term for the change of state from solid to gas?
-
A.
Sublimation
-
B.
Deposition
-
C.
Evaporation
-
D.
Condensation
Solution
Sublimation is the process where a solid changes directly into a gas.
Correct Answer: A — Sublimation
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Q. What is the term for the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid?
-
A.
Viscosity
-
B.
Surface tension
-
C.
Cohesion
-
D.
Adhesion
Solution
Surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension
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Q. What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities?
-
A.
Global warming
-
B.
Ozone depletion
-
C.
Acidification
-
D.
Eutrophication
Solution
Global warming refers to the gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases.
Correct Answer: A — Global warming
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Q. What is the term for the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid?
-
A.
Saturation pressure
-
B.
Vapor pressure
-
C.
Boiling point
-
D.
Critical pressure
Solution
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid.
Correct Answer: B — Vapor pressure
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Q. What is the term for the process by which a liquid changes into a gas?
-
A.
Condensation
-
B.
Evaporation
-
C.
Sublimation
-
D.
Deposition
Solution
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas.
Correct Answer: B — Evaporation
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Q. What is the term for the process by which a liquid changes to a gas?
-
A.
Condensation
-
B.
Evaporation
-
C.
Sublimation
-
D.
Deposition
Solution
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes to a gas.
Correct Answer: B — Evaporation
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Q. What is the term for the process by which a liquid turns into vapor?
-
A.
Condensation
-
B.
Evaporation
-
C.
Sublimation
-
D.
Deposition
Solution
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid turns into vapor.
Correct Answer: B — Evaporation
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Q. What is the term for the process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
-
A.
Respiration
-
B.
Photosynthesis
-
C.
Transpiration
-
D.
Evaporation
Solution
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and convert it into glucose.
Correct Answer: B — Photosynthesis
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Q. What is the term for the process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide?
-
A.
Respiration
-
B.
Photosynthesis
-
C.
Transpiration
-
D.
Evaporation
Solution
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide and convert it into glucose and oxygen using sunlight.
Correct Answer: B — Photosynthesis
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Q. What is the term for the process by which pollutants are absorbed by living organisms?
-
A.
Bioaccumulation
-
B.
Biodegradation
-
C.
Biomagnification
-
D.
Bioremediation
Solution
Bioaccumulation refers to the process by which pollutants accumulate in the tissues of living organisms.
Correct Answer: A — Bioaccumulation
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Q. What is the term for the process of a liquid turning into vapor?
-
A.
Condensation
-
B.
Evaporation
-
C.
Sublimation
-
D.
Deposition
Solution
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid turns into vapor.
Correct Answer: B — Evaporation
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Q. What is the term for the process of converting waste materials into reusable materials?
-
A.
Recycling
-
B.
Composting
-
C.
Incineration
-
D.
Landfilling
Solution
Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into reusable materials.
Correct Answer: A — Recycling
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Q. What is the term for the process of removing adsorbed molecules from a surface?
-
A.
Absorption
-
B.
Desorption
-
C.
Sorption
-
D.
Adsorption
Solution
Desorption is the process of removing adsorbed molecules from a surface.
Correct Answer: B — Desorption
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Q. What is the term for the process where a gas or liquid forms a thin layer on a solid surface?
-
A.
Absorption
-
B.
Desorption
-
C.
Adsorption
-
D.
Sorption
Solution
Adsorption is the process where a gas or liquid forms a thin layer on a solid surface.
Correct Answer: C — Adsorption
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Q. What is the term for the resistance of a liquid to flow?
-
A.
Viscosity
-
B.
Surface tension
-
C.
Density
-
D.
Capillarity
Solution
Viscosity is the measure of a liquid's resistance to flow.
Correct Answer: A — Viscosity
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