The ladder experiences weight, a normal force from the ground, and friction at the base.

The third force can be determined by vector addition of the first two forces to ensure the net force is zero.

Mass of glucose = (20/100) x 200 g = 40 g.

Mass = moles x molar mass = 0.1 moles x 58.5 g/mol = 5.85 g.

Moles of solute = Molarity × Volume = 0.2 M × 1.5 L = 0.3 moles.

Mass of NaOH = (10/100) x 1000 mL = 100 g.

Volume of solution = mass / density = 30 g / 1.2 g/mL = 25 mL = 0.025 L. Moles of solute = 30 g / 60 g/mol = 0.5 moles. Molarity = 0.5 moles / 0.025 L = 20 M.

Mass percent = (mass of solute / (mass of solute + mass of solvent)) × 100 = (50 g / (50 g + 250 g)) × 100 = 20%.

Moles of NaCl = 58.5 g / 58.5 g/mol = 1 mole. Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution = 1 mole / 1 L = 1 M.

Moles of NaCl = 58.5 g / 58.5 g/mol = 1 mole. Molarity = 1 mole / 1 L = 1 M.

Moles of NaCl = 58.5 g / 58.5 g/mol = 1 mole. Molarity = 1 mole / 1 L = 1 M.

Freezing point depression = K_f * m = 1.86 * 0.1 = 0.186 °C

Boyle's law states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature, so if the volume is doubled, the pressure halves.

Boyle's law states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature, so if volume is doubled, pressure is halved.

Graham's law states that the rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas.

The ideal gas law is represented by the equation PV = nRT.

According to the kinetic molecular theory, gas particles are in constant motion.

AX2E2 indicates two bonding pairs and two lone pairs, resulting in a bent shape.

If ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative, ΔG will be positive.

If ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative, ΔG will always be positive.

Boyle's Law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure.

Set ΔG = 0: 0 = ΔH - TΔS; T = ΔH/ΔS = 50 kJ / 0.1 kJ/K = 500 K.

The Gibbs Free Energy changes from negative to positive at the transition temperature, where the system shifts from one phase to another.

According to Charles's Law, the volume of a gas approaches zero at absolute zero, which is -273.15 °C.

Molality = ΔT_b / (i * K_b) = 1.024 / (2 * 0.512) = 1 mol/kg

Using the formula for weak acids, pH = 0.5(pKa - log[C]), where pKa = -log(1.8 x 10^-5) ≈ 4.74. Thus, pH = 0.5(4.74 - log(0.1)) = 3.87.

Using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]); pKa of acetic acid = 4.76, so pH = 4.76 + log(1) = 4.76

For a first-order reaction, the half-life is independent of the initial concentration. Therefore, it remains 10 minutes.

For a first-order reaction, the half-life is given by the expression t1/2 = 0.693/k.

For a first-order reaction, the half-life is independent of the initial concentration.