The typical forward voltage drop across a silicon diode is approximately 0.7 V.

The unit of electric charge is Coulomb (C).

The unit of electrical conductivity is Siemens (S).

The SI unit of energy is the Joule (J).

Inductive reactance (X_L) is measured in Ohms (Ω), which is the same unit used for resistance.

The unit of magnetic moment is Ampere-meter (A·m²).

The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere (A).

The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere (A).

The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa), which is equivalent to N/m².

The gas constant R is commonly expressed in the unit L·atm/(K·mol).

The unit of the rate constant for a first-order reaction is s⁻¹.

The SI unit of work is Joule (J).

Magnesium has a valency of 2, as it can lose two electrons.

Oxygen has a valency of 2, as it needs two electrons to complete its outer shell.

(1 + i)(1 - i) = 1^2 - i^2 = 1 - (-1) = 1 + 1 = 2.

Using BODMAS: (2 + 3) = 5 and (4 - 1) = 3, so 5 × 3 = 15.

Using the binomial theorem, (2 + 3)^3 = C(3,0)(2)^3 + C(3,1)(2)^2(3) + C(3,2)(2)(3)^2 + C(3,3)(3)^3 = 8 + 36 + 54 + 27 = 125.

Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator: (2 + 3i)(1 - i) / (1 + i)(1 - i) = (2 - 2i + 3i + 3) / (1 + 1) = (5 + i) / 2 = 2.5 + 0.5i.

Using the difference of squares: (a + b)(a - b) = a² - b². Here, (2)² - (3i)² = 4 - (-9) = 4 + 9 = 13.

Using the binomial theorem, (2 - 3)^5 = (-1)^5 = -1.

Multiplying numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator: (3 + 4i)(1 - i) / (1 + i)(1 - i) = (3 - 3i + 4i + 4) / 2 = (7 + i) / 2 = 2 + i.

(3 + 5) = 8 and (2 + 4) = 6, so 8 × 6 = 48.

(3 + 5) = 8 and (2 - 1) = 1, so 8 × 1 = 8.

(3 + 5) = 8 and (6 - 2) = 4, so 8 × 4 = 32.

(3 + 5) × 2 = 8 × 2 = 16.

3^3 = 27 and 2^3 = 8, so 27 - 8 = 19.

Using the binomial theorem, (x + 1)^5 = C(5,0)(2)^5 + C(5,1)(2)^4 + C(5,2)(2)^3 + C(5,3)(2)^2 + C(5,4)(2)^1 + C(5,5)(2)^0 = 32 + 80 + 80 + 40 + 10 + 1 = 243.

100 - 37 = 63.

100 ÷ 4 = 25, so 25 + 6 = 31.

12 × 12 = 144.