The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere (A).

The SI unit of magnetic field strength is the Tesla (T).

The SI unit of magnetic moment is Joule per Tesla (J/T), which can also be expressed as Ampere-meter squared (A·m²).

Biodiversity hotspots are significant because they are regions with a high number of endemic species and are under threat from human activities.

Biopesticides are derived from natural materials and are considered safer for the environment compared to chemical pesticides.

Bioremediation is significant in biotechnology as it involves the use of microorganisms to clean up contaminated environments, thus aiding in waste management.

Bt cotton is genetically modified to produce a toxin that is harmful to specific pests, reducing the need for chemical insecticides.

Prenatal care is crucial for monitoring the health of both the mother and the developing fetus, ensuring a healthy pregnancy.

Significant figures indicate the precision of a measurement, reflecting the certainty of the digits.

Significant figures indicate the precision of a measurement, reflecting the certainty of the digits.

The 'Golden Gate' cloning method allows for the simultaneous insertion of multiple DNA fragments using a single restriction enzyme, making it efficient for constructing complex plasmids.

Sticky ends are overhanging sequences produced by restriction enzymes that facilitate the ligation of DNA fragments by allowing complementary base pairing.

The electron transport chain is significant in respiration as it generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

The fossil record is significant because it provides a chronological order of species appearance, helping to trace the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

The G2 phase is crucial for preparing the cell for mitosis, ensuring all DNA is replicated and the cell is ready to divide.

The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously know the exact position and momentum of a particle.

The Human Genome Project has provided valuable information about the human genome, aiding in the understanding and treatment of genetic diseases.

The Human Genome Project aimed to map all human genes, providing insights into genetics and disease.

The light-independent reactions, or Calvin cycle, are significant for fixing carbon dioxide into organic molecules.

The light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules.

The mass defect is the difference between the mass of the nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual nucleons, indicating the stability and binding energy of the nucleus.

PCR is a technique that allows for the amplification of specific DNA sequences, making it a crucial tool in molecular biology and biotechnology.

The Red List published by the IUCN categorizes species based on their extinction risk, helping in conservation efforts.

The specific heat capacity of air is approximately 1.005 J/kg·K.

The specific heat capacity of iron is approximately 0.45 J/g·K.

The standard enthalpy change for the formation of water from its elements (H2 and O2) is -285.83 kJ/mol.

The standard enthalpy change for combustion reactions, such as the formation of CO2 from carbon and oxygen, is typically negative, indicating that the reaction is exothermic.

The standard reduction potential indicates the tendency of a species to gain electrons, thus being reduced.

The standard reduction potential for the half-reaction Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu is +0.76 V, indicating a strong tendency to gain electrons.

The standard reduction potential for the half-reaction Fe^3+ + 3e- → Fe is +0.77 V, indicating a strong tendency to gain electrons.