Q. Which of the following is true about the law of conservation of energy?
A.
Energy can be created
B.
Energy can be destroyed
C.
Energy can be transformed
D.
Energy is always lost
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Solution
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another.
Correct Answer: C — Energy can be transformed
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Q. Which of the following ligands is a strong field ligand? (2021) 2021
A.
I-
B.
Br-
C.
CN-
D.
Cl-
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Solution
CN- is a strong field ligand that causes a large splitting of d-orbitals, leading to low-spin complexes.
Correct Answer: C — CN-
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Q. Which of the following lines is perpendicular to the line y = 3x + 1?
A.
y = -1/3x + 2
B.
y = 3x - 1
C.
y = 1/3x + 1
D.
y = -3x + 1
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Solution
The slope of the given line is 3. The slope of a line perpendicular to it is -1/3.
Correct Answer: A — y = -1/3x + 2
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Q. Which of the following materials is a ferromagnet? (2023)
A.
Copper
B.
Aluminum
C.
Iron
D.
Gold
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Solution
Iron is a ferromagnetic material, which means it can be magnetized and retains its magnetic properties.
Correct Answer: C — Iron
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Q. Which of the following materials is a ferromagnetic material? (2020)
A.
Copper
B.
Aluminum
C.
Iron
D.
Gold
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Solution
Iron is a ferromagnetic material, which means it can be magnetized and has a high magnetic permeability.
Correct Answer: C — Iron
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Q. Which of the following materials is considered ferromagnetic? (2022)
A.
Copper
B.
Aluminum
C.
Iron
D.
Gold
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Solution
Iron is considered a ferromagnetic material, which can be magnetized and retains its magnetism.
Correct Answer: C — Iron
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Q. Which of the following methods is used to purify colloidal solutions? (2020)
A.
Filtration
B.
Centrifugation
C.
Dialysis
D.
Evaporation
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Solution
Dialysis is used to purify colloidal solutions by allowing the solvent and small solutes to pass through a semi-permeable membrane while retaining the colloidal particles.
Correct Answer: C — Dialysis
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Q. Which of the following methods is used to stabilize colloidal solutions? (2023)
A.
Electrolysis
B.
Coagulation
C.
Dialysis
D.
Electrophoresis
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Solution
Electrophoresis is used to stabilize colloidal solutions by applying an electric field to separate charged particles.
Correct Answer: D — Electrophoresis
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Q. Which of the following molecules has a polar covalent bond? (2023)
A.
Cl2
B.
H2O
C.
CH4
D.
O2
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Solution
Water (H2O) has a polar covalent bond due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen.
Correct Answer: B — H2O
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Q. Which of the following molecules has a polar covalent bond? (2023) 2023
A.
Cl2
B.
H2O
C.
CH4
D.
O2
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Solution
Water (H2O) has a polar covalent bond due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen.
Correct Answer: B — H2O
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Q. Which of the following pairs are both f-block elements?
A.
Uranium and Thorium
B.
Lanthanum and Cerium
C.
Neodymium and Plutonium
D.
Zirconium and Hafnium
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Solution
Neodymium (Nd) and Plutonium (Pu) are both f-block elements.
Correct Answer: C — Neodymium and Plutonium
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Q. Which of the following pairs are f-block elements? (2023)
A.
Zinc and Cadmium
B.
Lanthanum and Cerium
C.
Iron and Cobalt
D.
Copper and Silver
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Solution
Lanthanum (La) and Cerium (Ce) are both f-block elements, belonging to the lanthanide series.
Correct Answer: B — Lanthanum and Cerium
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Q. Which of the following particles has the least mass? (2020) 2020
A.
Proton
B.
Neutron
C.
Electron
D.
Alpha particle
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Solution
The mass of an electron is significantly less than that of protons and neutrons.
Correct Answer: C — Electron
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Q. Which of the following particles has the least mass? (2021) 2021
A.
Proton
B.
Neutron
C.
Electron
D.
Alpha particle
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Solution
The electron has the least mass compared to protons and neutrons.
Correct Answer: C — Electron
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Q. Which of the following points lies on the line 4x - 5y + 20 = 0?
A.
(5, 0)
B.
(0, 4)
C.
(4, 0)
D.
(0, -4)
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Solution
Substituting (0, -4) into the equation gives 4(0) - 5(-4) + 20 = 0, which is true.
Correct Answer: D — (0, -4)
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Q. Which of the following processes involves a change from gas to liquid?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Condensation
C.
Evaporation
D.
Freezing
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Solution
Condensation is the process where gas changes to liquid.
Correct Answer: B — Condensation
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Q. Which of the following processes is irreversible? (2022)
A.
Isothermal expansion
B.
Adiabatic expansion
C.
Free expansion
D.
Isobaric process
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Solution
Free expansion is an irreversible process as it occurs without any external pressure acting on the gas.
Correct Answer: C — Free expansion
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Q. Which of the following processes is isochoric? (2023)
A.
Constant volume
B.
Constant pressure
C.
Constant temperature
D.
Adiabatic
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Solution
An isochoric process is one that occurs at constant volume.
Correct Answer: A — Constant volume
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Q. Which of the following quantities has no dimensions? (2019)
A.
Force
B.
Energy
C.
Angle
D.
Pressure
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Solution
Angle is a pure number and has no dimensions, while force, energy, and pressure all have dimensions.
Correct Answer: C — Angle
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Q. Which of the following quantities is not a scalar? (2021)
A.
Mass
B.
Temperature
C.
Velocity
D.
Speed
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Solution
Velocity is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction, while mass, temperature, and speed are scalar quantities.
Correct Answer: C — Velocity
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Q. Which of the following quantum numbers describes the shape of an orbital? (2020) 2020
A.
Principal quantum number
B.
Azimuthal quantum number
C.
Magnetic quantum number
D.
Spin quantum number
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Solution
The azimuthal quantum number (l) describes the shape of an orbital.
Correct Answer: B — Azimuthal quantum number
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Q. Which of the following reactions involves a redox process? (2019)
A.
H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
B.
NaCl → Na + Cl2
C.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
D.
H2O → H2 + O2
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Solution
H2O → H2 + O2 involves the oxidation of water to hydrogen and oxygen, making it a redox reaction.
Correct Answer: D — H2O → H2 + O2
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Q. Which of the following reactions is a reduction? (2020)
A.
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
B.
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
C.
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
D.
C + O2 → CO2
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Solution
In the reaction Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2, iron (Fe) is reduced as it gains electrons from carbon monoxide (CO).
Correct Answer: A — Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
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Q. Which of the following solutions has the highest freezing point? (2020)
A.
0.1 M NaCl
B.
0.1 M KCl
C.
0.1 M glucose
D.
0.1 M CaCl2
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Solution
0.1 M glucose is a non-electrolyte and does not dissociate, thus it has the highest freezing point compared to the ionic solutions.
Correct Answer: C — 0.1 M glucose
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Q. Which of the following species acts as a reducing agent in the reaction 2Fe2O3 + 3C → 4Fe + 3CO? (2022)
A.
Fe2O3
B.
C
C.
Fe
D.
CO
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Solution
Carbon (C) acts as a reducing agent as it donates electrons to reduce Fe2O3 to Fe.
Correct Answer: B — C
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Q. Which of the following species acts as a reducing agent in the reaction 2Fe2O3 + 3C → 4Fe + 3CO2? (2020)
A.
Fe2O3
B.
C
C.
Fe
D.
CO2
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Solution
Carbon (C) acts as a reducing agent as it donates electrons to reduce Fe2O3 to Fe.
Correct Answer: B — C
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Q. Which of the following statements about carboxylic acids is incorrect? (2020)
A.
They can form hydrogen bonds.
B.
They have higher boiling points than alcohols.
C.
They are less acidic than alcohols.
D.
They can be converted to esters.
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Solution
Carboxylic acids are more acidic than alcohols due to the resonance stabilization of their conjugate base, making the statement 'They are less acidic than alcohols' incorrect.
Correct Answer: C — They are less acidic than alcohols.
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Q. Which of the following statements about coordination compounds is incorrect? (2023)
A.
They can exhibit geometric isomerism.
B.
They can exhibit optical isomerism.
C.
All coordination compounds are colored.
D.
They can form complexes with transition metals.
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Solution
Not all coordination compounds are colored; the color depends on the nature of the metal and the ligands involved. Some coordination compounds can be colorless.
Correct Answer: C — All coordination compounds are colored.
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Q. Which of the following statements about thermal conductivity is true? (2021)
A.
It is higher in gases than in solids
B.
It is a measure of a material's ability to conduct heat
C.
It increases with temperature
D.
It is independent of material type
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Solution
Thermal conductivity is a measure of a material's ability to conduct heat; it varies with material type.
Correct Answer: B — It is a measure of a material's ability to conduct heat
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about adsorption isotherms? (2023)
A.
They describe the relationship between pressure and volume.
B.
They describe the relationship between temperature and solubility.
C.
They describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate and its pressure at constant temperature.
D.
They describe the relationship between concentration and reaction rate.
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Solution
Adsorption isotherms illustrate how the amount of adsorbate on a solid surface varies with pressure at a constant temperature.
Correct Answer: C — They describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate and its pressure at constant temperature.
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