Properties of Matter
Q. If the length of a wire is doubled while keeping the cross-sectional area constant, how does its Young's modulus change?
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A.
It doubles
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B.
It halves
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C.
It remains the same
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D.
It quadruples
Solution
Young's modulus is a material property and does not change with the dimensions of the wire.
Correct Answer: C — It remains the same
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Q. If the strain in a material is 0.01 and the Young's modulus is 150 GPa, what is the stress?
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A.
1.5 MPa
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B.
15 MPa
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C.
150 MPa
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D.
1500 MPa
Solution
Stress = Young's modulus × Strain = 150 GPa × 0.01 = 150 MPa.
Correct Answer: C — 150 MPa
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Q. If the stress applied to a material is doubled, what happens to the strain if the material behaves elastically?
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A.
It doubles
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B.
It halves
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C.
It remains the same
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D.
It quadruples
Solution
According to Hooke's Law, if stress is doubled, strain also doubles for elastic materials.
Correct Answer: A — It doubles
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Q. If the surface tension of a liquid is 0.072 N/m, what is the force acting on a wire of length 0.5 m placed on the surface of the liquid?
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A.
0.036 N
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B.
0.072 N
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C.
0.144 N
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D.
0.5 N
Solution
Force = Surface Tension × Length = 0.072 N/m × 0.5 m = 0.036 N.
Correct Answer: A — 0.036 N
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Q. If the temperature of a gas is increased at constant volume, what happens to the pressure?
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A.
Increases
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B.
Decreases
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C.
Remains constant
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D.
Becomes zero
Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's Law, if the temperature of a gas increases at constant volume, the pressure increases.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. If the temperature of a liquid increases, what happens to its viscosity?
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A.
Increases
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B.
Decreases
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C.
Remains constant
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D.
Varies unpredictably
Solution
The viscosity of a liquid generally decreases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. If the temperature of a material increases, what happens to its Young's modulus?
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A.
Increases
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B.
Decreases
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C.
Remains constant
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D.
Depends on the material
Solution
Generally, the Young's modulus of materials decreases with an increase in temperature.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. If the viscosity of a fluid is doubled, what happens to the flow rate through a constant diameter pipe?
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A.
Doubles
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B.
Halves
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C.
Remains the same
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D.
Increases fourfold
Solution
If viscosity is doubled, the flow rate through a constant diameter pipe is halved.
Correct Answer: B — Halves
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Q. If the viscosity of a fluid is doubled, what happens to the flow rate through a pipe, assuming all other factors remain constant?
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A.
Doubles
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B.
Halves
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C.
Remains the same
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D.
Increases fourfold
Solution
If viscosity is doubled, the flow rate through a pipe will halve, as flow rate is inversely proportional to viscosity.
Correct Answer: B — Halves
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Q. If the viscosity of a fluid is high, what does it imply about the fluid's flow?
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A.
It flows easily
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B.
It flows slowly
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C.
It is incompressible
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D.
It is a gas
Solution
A high viscosity indicates that the fluid flows slowly.
Correct Answer: B — It flows slowly
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Q. If the viscosity of a liquid is doubled, how does it affect the flow rate through a pipe?
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A.
Flow rate doubles
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B.
Flow rate halves
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C.
Flow rate remains the same
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D.
Flow rate quadruples
Solution
According to Poiseuille's law, if viscosity is doubled, the flow rate is halved, assuming all other factors remain constant.
Correct Answer: B — Flow rate halves
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Q. If the viscosity of a liquid is doubled, what happens to the flow rate through a pipe, assuming all other factors remain constant?
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A.
Flow rate doubles
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B.
Flow rate halves
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C.
Flow rate remains the same
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D.
Flow rate quadruples
Solution
According to Poiseuille's law, if viscosity is doubled, the flow rate will be halved, assuming other factors remain constant.
Correct Answer: B — Flow rate halves
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Q. If the Young's modulus of a material is 100 GPa and it is subjected to a tensile stress of 200 MPa, what is the strain produced?
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A.
0.002
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B.
0.0025
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C.
0.01
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D.
0.005
Solution
Strain = Stress / Young's modulus = 200 MPa / 100 GPa = 0.002.
Correct Answer: A — 0.002
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Q. In a capillary tube, how does the viscosity of a fluid affect the height to which it rises?
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A.
Higher viscosity leads to higher rise
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B.
Higher viscosity leads to lower rise
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C.
Viscosity has no effect
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D.
It depends on the tube diameter
Solution
Higher viscosity results in a lower height of rise in a capillary tube due to greater resistance to flow.
Correct Answer: B — Higher viscosity leads to lower rise
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Q. In a fluid at rest, the pressure at a depth h is given by which equation?
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A.
P = ρgh
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B.
P = ρg/h
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C.
P = ρg + h
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D.
P = gh/ρ
Solution
The pressure at a depth h in a fluid is given by P = ρgh, where ρ is the fluid density and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Correct Answer: A — P = ρgh
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Q. In a fluid flowing through a pipe, what effect does increasing the temperature have on its viscosity?
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A.
Increases viscosity
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B.
Decreases viscosity
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C.
No effect
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D.
Depends on the fluid
Solution
Increasing the temperature generally decreases the viscosity of a fluid, making it flow more easily.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases viscosity
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Q. In a fluid flowing through a pipe, which factor does NOT affect the viscosity?
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A.
Temperature
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B.
Pressure
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C.
Fluid density
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D.
Fluid composition
Solution
While temperature, pressure, and fluid composition affect viscosity, fluid density does not directly affect viscosity.
Correct Answer: C — Fluid density
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Q. In a liquid drop, the shape is spherical due to which property?
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A.
Viscosity
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B.
Surface tension
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C.
Density
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D.
Pressure
Solution
The spherical shape of a liquid drop minimizes the surface area, which is a result of surface tension acting to reduce the energy of the surface.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension
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Q. In a material, if the strain energy density is given by U, what is the expression for the total strain energy stored in a volume V of the material?
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A.
U * V
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B.
U / V
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C.
U + V
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D.
U - V
Solution
The total strain energy stored in a volume V is given by the product of strain energy density U and volume V, i.e., Total Energy = U * V.
Correct Answer: A — U * V
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Q. In a material, if the strain is 0.01 and the Young's modulus is 200 GPa, what is the stress in the material?
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A.
2 MPa
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B.
20 MPa
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C.
200 MPa
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D.
2000 MPa
Solution
Stress = Young's modulus * strain = 200 GPa * 0.01 = 2 GPa = 2000 MPa.
Correct Answer: C — 200 MPa
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Q. In a shear stress-strain relationship, what does the slope of the linear portion represent?
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A.
Young's modulus
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B.
Shear modulus
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C.
Bulk modulus
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D.
Tensile strength
Solution
The slope of the linear portion of the shear stress-strain curve represents the shear modulus of the material.
Correct Answer: B — Shear modulus
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Q. In a tensile test, if a material exhibits a linear stress-strain relationship, what type of deformation is it undergoing?
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A.
Elastic deformation
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B.
Plastic deformation
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C.
Brittle fracture
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D.
Ductile fracture
Solution
A linear stress-strain relationship indicates that the material is undergoing elastic deformation.
Correct Answer: A — Elastic deformation
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Q. In a tensile test, if a material shows a linear relationship between stress and strain up to a certain point, this point is known as:
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A.
Yield point
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B.
Ultimate tensile strength
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C.
Elastic limit
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D.
Fracture point
Solution
The elastic limit is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while still returning to its original shape.
Correct Answer: C — Elastic limit
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Q. In a tensile test, if a material shows a linear relationship between stress and strain, it is said to be in which region?
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A.
Plastic region
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B.
Elastic region
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C.
Yield point
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D.
Fracture point
Solution
The linear relationship between stress and strain indicates that the material is in the elastic region.
Correct Answer: B — Elastic region
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Q. In a tensile test, if the stress-strain curve of a material shows a linear relationship, what does this indicate?
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A.
The material is elastic
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B.
The material is plastic
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C.
The material has failed
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D.
The material is brittle
Solution
A linear relationship in the stress-strain curve indicates that the material behaves elastically within that range.
Correct Answer: A — The material is elastic
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Q. In a tensile test, if the stress-strain curve shows a linear relationship, what does this indicate about the material?
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A.
It is inelastic
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B.
It is elastic
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C.
It has reached its yield point
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D.
It will break immediately
Solution
A linear relationship in the stress-strain curve indicates that the material behaves elastically within that range.
Correct Answer: B — It is elastic
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Q. In a viscometer, what does the time taken for a fluid to flow through a capillary tube indicate?
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A.
Density of the fluid
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B.
Viscosity of the fluid
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C.
Temperature of the fluid
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D.
Pressure of the fluid
Solution
The time taken for a fluid to flow through a capillary tube is directly related to its viscosity.
Correct Answer: B — Viscosity of the fluid
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Q. In which of the following cases does a material exhibit plastic deformation?
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A.
When the stress is below the yield point
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B.
When the stress exceeds the yield point
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C.
When the material is unloaded
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D.
When the material is cooled
Solution
Plastic deformation occurs when the stress exceeds the yield point.
Correct Answer: B — When the stress exceeds the yield point
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Q. In which of the following scenarios does a material exhibit elastic behavior?
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A.
When it returns to its original shape after removing the load
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B.
When it permanently deforms
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C.
When it breaks
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D.
When it undergoes plastic deformation
Solution
A material exhibits elastic behavior when it returns to its original shape after the load is removed.
Correct Answer: A — When it returns to its original shape after removing the load
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Q. In which of the following scenarios does a material exhibit plastic deformation?
-
A.
When the stress is below the yield point
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B.
When the stress exceeds the yield point
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C.
When the material is unloaded
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D.
When the material is cooled
Solution
Plastic deformation occurs when the stress exceeds the yield point of the material.
Correct Answer: B — When the stress exceeds the yield point
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