Functional Groups and Nomenclature - Real World Applications
Q. What is the common name for 2-methylpropan-1-ol?
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A.
Isobutanol
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B.
Butanol
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C.
Propanol
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D.
Pentanol
Solution
2-methylpropan-1-ol is commonly known as isobutanol.
Correct Answer: A — Isobutanol
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-COOH?
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A.
2-Methylbutanoic acid
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B.
3-Methylbutanoic acid
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C.
2-Butenoic acid
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D.
3-Butenoic acid
Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons, and the methyl group is on the second carbon, making it 2-Methylbutanoic acid.
Correct Answer: A — 2-Methylbutanoic acid
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Q. What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?
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A.
Amino
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B.
Hydroxyl
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C.
Carboxyl
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D.
Carbonyl
Solution
Carboxylic acids contain a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group.
Correct Answer: C — Carboxyl
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Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C6H12O?
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A.
Hexanal
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B.
Hexanol
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C.
Cyclohexanol
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D.
2-Hexanol
Solution
C6H12O corresponds to hexanol, which is an alcohol with six carbon atoms.
Correct Answer: B — Hexanol
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Q. What is the stereochemical configuration of 2-butene if the two methyl groups are on opposite sides?
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A.
Cis
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B.
Trans
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C.
R
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D.
S
Solution
When the two methyl groups are on opposite sides of the double bond, the configuration is called trans.
Correct Answer: B — Trans
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Q. Which functional group is present in the compound CH3-CO-CH3?
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A.
Ketone
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B.
Aldehyde
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C.
Alcohol
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D.
Ester
Solution
The compound contains a carbonyl group (C=O) between two carbon atoms, which is characteristic of ketones.
Correct Answer: A — Ketone
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of aldehydes?
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A.
They have a carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain.
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B.
They contain a hydroxyl group.
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C.
They are always cyclic.
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D.
They cannot be oxidized.
Solution
Aldehydes have a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the carbon chain.
Correct Answer: A — They have a carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain.
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Q. Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-CH2-CHO?
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A.
Butanal
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B.
Pentanal
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C.
Propionaldehyde
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D.
Ethylaldehyde
Solution
The compound has four carbons and an aldehyde functional group, making it butanal.
Correct Answer: A — Butanal
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