The seminal vesicles produce a fluid that provides nutrients to sperm and helps form semen.

Sepals protect the flower bud before it opens.

The stigma is the part of the flower that receives pollen during pollination, allowing fertilization to occur.

The style is the slender stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary, allowing pollen to travel to the ovules.

The synaptic cleft is the small gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released to facilitate communication.

Taq polymerase is a heat-stable enzyme used in PCR to synthesize new DNA strands by extending primers during the amplification process.

Villi increase the surface area of the small intestine, enhancing nutrient absorption.

Xylem is responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Villi increase the surface area of the small intestine, enhancing the absorption of nutrients.

Alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that carries the instructions for life.

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains organelles.

Asexual reproduction allows for faster population growth since it does not require finding a mate.

Sexual reproduction promotes genetic variation, which is beneficial for adaptation and evolution.

Biopesticides are derived from natural materials and are considered environmentally friendly compared to chemical pesticides.

CRISPR technology offers high precision, low cost, and speed of modification, making it a powerful tool in genetic engineering.

GMOs can provide higher nutritional value, increased resistance to diseases, and lower production costs.

GMOs can be engineered to have longer shelf lives, reducing food waste and improving food security.

Genetically modified organisms can provide multiple advantages including longer shelf life, higher nutritional value, and resistance to pests and diseases.

Hormonal contraceptives can help regulate menstrual cycles in addition to preventing pregnancy.

Transgenic animals are primarily used in research for disease modeling, helping scientists understand human diseases.

Transgenic plants are engineered to be resistant to herbicides, allowing for easier weed management.

Yeast, being a eukaryote, can perform post-translational modifications similar to higher organisms, making it advantageous for expressing eukaryotic proteins.

CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA.

Tuberculosis is primarily caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Cardiac muscle tissue is involuntary and striated, found only in the heart, and is responsible for pumping blood.

Mammals are characterized by the presence of hair or fur and mammary glands that produce milk.

Organisms in the phylum Porifera, commonly known as sponges, are characterized by the presence of pores in their body.

Mollusca are primarily soft-bodied animals, many of which have a hard shell for protection.

Porifera, or sponges, are characterized by the presence of numerous pores (ostia) in their body.