Q. Which of the following pairs are f-block elements? (2023)
A.
Zinc and Cadmium
B.
Lanthanum and Cerium
C.
Iron and Cobalt
D.
Copper and Silver
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Solution
Lanthanum (La) and Cerium (Ce) are both f-block elements, belonging to the lanthanide series.
Correct Answer: B — Lanthanum and Cerium
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Q. Which of the following particles has the least mass? (2020) 2020
A.
Proton
B.
Neutron
C.
Electron
D.
Alpha particle
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Solution
The mass of an electron is significantly less than that of protons and neutrons.
Correct Answer: C — Electron
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Q. Which of the following particles has the least mass? (2021) 2021
A.
Proton
B.
Neutron
C.
Electron
D.
Alpha particle
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Solution
The electron has the least mass compared to protons and neutrons.
Correct Answer: C — Electron
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Q. Which of the following points lies on the line 4x - 5y + 20 = 0?
A.
(5, 0)
B.
(0, 4)
C.
(4, 0)
D.
(0, -4)
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Solution
Substituting (0, -4) into the equation gives 4(0) - 5(-4) + 20 = 0, which is true.
Correct Answer: D — (0, -4)
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Q. Which of the following processes involves a change from gas to liquid?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Condensation
C.
Evaporation
D.
Freezing
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Solution
Condensation is the process where gas changes to liquid.
Correct Answer: B — Condensation
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Q. Which of the following processes is irreversible? (2022)
A.
Isothermal expansion
B.
Adiabatic expansion
C.
Free expansion
D.
Isobaric process
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Solution
Free expansion is an irreversible process as it occurs without any external pressure acting on the gas.
Correct Answer: C — Free expansion
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Q. Which of the following processes is isochoric? (2023)
A.
Constant volume
B.
Constant pressure
C.
Constant temperature
D.
Adiabatic
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Solution
An isochoric process is one that occurs at constant volume.
Correct Answer: A — Constant volume
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Q. Which of the following quantities has no dimensions? (2019)
A.
Force
B.
Energy
C.
Angle
D.
Pressure
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Solution
Angle is a pure number and has no dimensions, while force, energy, and pressure all have dimensions.
Correct Answer: C — Angle
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Q. Which of the following quantities is not a scalar? (2021)
A.
Mass
B.
Temperature
C.
Velocity
D.
Speed
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Solution
Velocity is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction, while mass, temperature, and speed are scalar quantities.
Correct Answer: C — Velocity
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Q. Which of the following quantum numbers describes the shape of an orbital? (2020) 2020
A.
Principal quantum number
B.
Azimuthal quantum number
C.
Magnetic quantum number
D.
Spin quantum number
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Solution
The azimuthal quantum number (l) describes the shape of an orbital.
Correct Answer: B — Azimuthal quantum number
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Q. Which of the following reactions involves a redox process? (2019)
A.
H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
B.
NaCl → Na + Cl2
C.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
D.
H2O → H2 + O2
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Solution
H2O → H2 + O2 involves the oxidation of water to hydrogen and oxygen, making it a redox reaction.
Correct Answer: D — H2O → H2 + O2
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Q. Which of the following reactions is a reduction? (2020)
A.
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
B.
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
C.
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
D.
C + O2 → CO2
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Solution
In the reaction Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2, iron (Fe) is reduced as it gains electrons from carbon monoxide (CO).
Correct Answer: A — Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
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Q. Which of the following solutions has the highest freezing point? (2020)
A.
0.1 M NaCl
B.
0.1 M KCl
C.
0.1 M glucose
D.
0.1 M CaCl2
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Solution
0.1 M glucose is a non-electrolyte and does not dissociate, thus it has the highest freezing point compared to the ionic solutions.
Correct Answer: C — 0.1 M glucose
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Q. Which of the following species acts as a reducing agent in the reaction 2Fe2O3 + 3C → 4Fe + 3CO? (2022)
A.
Fe2O3
B.
C
C.
Fe
D.
CO
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Solution
Carbon (C) acts as a reducing agent as it donates electrons to reduce Fe2O3 to Fe.
Correct Answer: B — C
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Q. Which of the following species acts as a reducing agent in the reaction 2Fe2O3 + 3C → 4Fe + 3CO2? (2020)
A.
Fe2O3
B.
C
C.
Fe
D.
CO2
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Solution
Carbon (C) acts as a reducing agent as it donates electrons to reduce Fe2O3 to Fe.
Correct Answer: B — C
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Q. Which of the following statements about carboxylic acids is incorrect? (2020)
A.
They can form hydrogen bonds.
B.
They have higher boiling points than alcohols.
C.
They are less acidic than alcohols.
D.
They can be converted to esters.
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Solution
Carboxylic acids are more acidic than alcohols due to the resonance stabilization of their conjugate base, making the statement 'They are less acidic than alcohols' incorrect.
Correct Answer: C — They are less acidic than alcohols.
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Q. Which of the following statements about coordination compounds is incorrect? (2023)
A.
They can exhibit geometric isomerism.
B.
They can exhibit optical isomerism.
C.
All coordination compounds are colored.
D.
They can form complexes with transition metals.
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Solution
Not all coordination compounds are colored; the color depends on the nature of the metal and the ligands involved. Some coordination compounds can be colorless.
Correct Answer: C — All coordination compounds are colored.
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Q. Which of the following statements about thermal conductivity is true? (2021)
A.
It is higher in gases than in solids
B.
It is a measure of a material's ability to conduct heat
C.
It increases with temperature
D.
It is independent of material type
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Solution
Thermal conductivity is a measure of a material's ability to conduct heat; it varies with material type.
Correct Answer: B — It is a measure of a material's ability to conduct heat
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about adsorption isotherms? (2023)
A.
They describe the relationship between pressure and volume.
B.
They describe the relationship between temperature and solubility.
C.
They describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate and its pressure at constant temperature.
D.
They describe the relationship between concentration and reaction rate.
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Solution
Adsorption isotherms illustrate how the amount of adsorbate on a solid surface varies with pressure at a constant temperature.
Correct Answer: C — They describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate and its pressure at constant temperature.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about adsorption? (2023)
A.
It is a bulk phenomenon
B.
It is a surface phenomenon
C.
It occurs only in gases
D.
It is always exothermic
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Solution
Adsorption is a surface phenomenon as it occurs at the interface between phases.
Correct Answer: B — It is a surface phenomenon
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about coordination compounds? (2021) 2021
A.
They are always ionic
B.
They can exhibit optical isomerism
C.
They have fixed oxidation states
D.
They cannot form complexes
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Solution
Coordination compounds can exhibit optical isomerism due to the arrangement of ligands around the central metal ion.
Correct Answer: B — They can exhibit optical isomerism
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about galvanic cells? (2020)
A.
They convert chemical energy to electrical energy
B.
They require an external power source
C.
They operate only in acidic solutions
D.
They are always non-spontaneous
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Solution
Galvanic cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy spontaneously.
Correct Answer: A — They convert chemical energy to electrical energy
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about the image formed by a convex lens? (2021)
A.
Always real
B.
Always virtual
C.
Can be real or virtual
D.
Always inverted
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Solution
A convex lens can form both real and virtual images depending on the position of the object relative to the focal point.
Correct Answer: C — Can be real or virtual
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about the law of conservation of energy?
A.
Energy can be created
B.
Energy can be destroyed
C.
Energy can be transformed
D.
Energy is always lost
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Solution
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form to another.
Correct Answer: C — Energy can be transformed
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about the nucleus of an atom? (2019)
A.
It contains only protons
B.
It contains only neutrons
C.
It contains protons and neutrons
D.
It contains electrons
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Solution
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as nucleons.
Correct Answer: C — It contains protons and neutrons
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Q. Which of the following statements is true for an adiabatic process? (2022) 2022
A.
Heat is exchanged with the surroundings
B.
Work done is zero
C.
Temperature changes
D.
Pressure remains constant
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Solution
In an adiabatic process, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings, and the temperature of the system changes due to work done on or by the system.
Correct Answer: C — Temperature changes
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Q. Which of the following statements is true for an isochoric process? (2023)
A.
Volume remains constant
B.
Pressure remains constant
C.
Temperature remains constant
D.
Heat is absorbed
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Solution
In an isochoric process, the volume of the system remains constant.
Correct Answer: A — Volume remains constant
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Q. Which of the following statements is true for the complex [Fe(CN)6]3-? (2023)
A.
It is a high-spin complex
B.
It is a low-spin complex
C.
It has a coordination number of 4
D.
It is paramagnetic
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Solution
The complex [Fe(CN)6]3- is a low-spin complex due to the strong field nature of CN- ligands, resulting in paired electrons.
Correct Answer: B — It is a low-spin complex
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding adsorption isotherms? (2020)
A.
They describe the relationship between pressure and volume.
B.
They describe the relationship between temperature and solubility.
C.
They describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate and its pressure at constant temperature.
D.
They describe the relationship between the surface area and the mass of adsorbent.
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Solution
Adsorption isotherms describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate on the adsorbent and its pressure at a constant temperature, illustrating how adsorption varies with pressure.
Correct Answer: C — They describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate and its pressure at constant temperature.
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding gravitational fields? (2022)
A.
Gravitational fields are always attractive
B.
Gravitational fields can be repulsive
C.
Gravitational fields are independent of mass
D.
Gravitational fields do not exist in space
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Solution
Gravitational fields are always attractive, pulling masses towards each other.
Correct Answer: A — Gravitational fields are always attractive
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