Physics
Q. If the voltage across a resistor is 240V and the resistance is 60 ohms, what is the current flowing through it? (2020)
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Solution
I = V / R = 240V / 60Ω = 4A.
Correct Answer: C — 6A
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Q. If the voltage across a resistor is halved, what happens to the current through it? (2020)
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
According to Ohm's law, if voltage is halved and resistance remains constant, the current also halves.
Correct Answer: B — It halves
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Q. If the volume of a gas is doubled at constant temperature, what happens to its pressure?
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
According to Boyle's Law, at constant temperature, pressure is inversely proportional to volume. Therefore, if the volume is doubled, the pressure is halved.
Correct Answer: B — It halves
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Q. If the volume of a gas is halved at constant temperature, what happens to its pressure? (2023)
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
According to Boyle's Law, if the volume is halved, the pressure doubles at constant temperature.
Correct Answer: A — It doubles
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Q. If the volume of a gas is halved while keeping the temperature constant, what happens to the pressure of the gas?
A.
Halves
B.
Doubles
C.
Remains the same
D.
Increases by 50%
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Solution
According to Boyle's Law, if the volume is halved, the pressure doubles.
Correct Answer: B — Doubles
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Q. If the wavelength of light used in a diffraction grating is increased, what happens to the angular separation of the fringes? (2023)
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
The angular separation (θ) is directly proportional to the wavelength (λ). Therefore, increasing λ increases the angular separation.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. If the wavelength of light used in a double-slit experiment is increased, what happens to the fringe separation? (2022)
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Fringe separation is directly proportional to the wavelength. If the wavelength increases, the fringe separation also increases.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. If the wavelength of light used in a single-slit diffraction experiment is increased, what will happen to the position of the first minimum? (2022)
A.
It moves closer to the center
B.
It moves away from the center
C.
It remains unchanged
D.
It disappears
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Solution
The position of the first minimum in single-slit diffraction is given by a sin(θ) = λ. Increasing λ will cause θ to increase, moving the minimum away from the center.
Correct Answer: B — It moves away from the center
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Q. If two charges +Q and -Q are placed at a distance 'd' apart, what is the electric field at the midpoint? (2020)
A.
0
B.
kQ/d^2
C.
kQ/(2d^2)
D.
kQ/d
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Solution
At the midpoint, the electric fields due to +Q and -Q cancel each other out, resulting in a net electric field of 0.
Correct Answer: A — 0
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Q. If two identical capacitors of 4 µF each are connected in series, what is the equivalent capacitance?
A.
2 µF
B.
4 µF
C.
6 µF
D.
8 µF
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Solution
C_eq = 1 / (1/C1 + 1/C2) = 1 / (1/4 + 1/4) = 2 µF.
Correct Answer: A — 2 µF
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Q. If two resistors of 4Ω and 6Ω are connected in series, what is the total resistance? (2023)
A.
10Ω
B.
24Ω
C.
2.4Ω
D.
12Ω
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Solution
In series, R_eq = R1 + R2 = 4Ω + 6Ω = 10Ω.
Correct Answer: A — 10Ω
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Q. In a Carnot engine operating between temperatures of 500 K and 300 K, what is the efficiency of the engine? (2023)
A.
40%
B.
50%
C.
60%
D.
70%
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Solution
Efficiency (η) = 1 - (T_cold / T_hot) = 1 - (300 K / 500 K) = 0.4 or 40%.
Correct Answer: C — 60%
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Q. In a Carnot engine operating between two heat reservoirs at temperatures 500 K and 300 K, what is the maximum efficiency of the engine? (2023)
A.
40%
B.
60%
C.
80%
D.
20%
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Solution
Efficiency (η) = 1 - (T_cold / T_hot) = 1 - (300 K / 500 K) = 0.4 or 40%.
Correct Answer: B — 60%
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Q. In a circuit with a 24V battery and two 8Ω resistors in series, what is the total current? (2022)
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Solution
Total resistance R = 8Ω + 8Ω = 16Ω. Current I = V/R = 24V / 16Ω = 1.5A.
Correct Answer: B — 2A
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Q. In a circuit with a 24V battery and two resistors of 4Ω and 8Ω in parallel, what is the total current supplied by the battery? (2022)
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Solution
First, find the equivalent resistance: 1/R_eq = 1/4 + 1/8 = 3/8, so R_eq = 8/3Ω. Then, I = V/R_eq = 24V / (8/3)Ω = 9A.
Correct Answer: D — 6A
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Q. In a circuit with a 5Ω and a 10Ω resistor in parallel, what is the total current if the voltage across them is 20V? (2022)
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Solution
First, find the equivalent resistance: 1/R_eq = 1/5 + 1/10 = 3/10, R_eq = 10/3Ω. Then, I = V/R_eq = 20V / (10/3)Ω = 6A.
Correct Answer: A — 4A
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Q. In a circuit with a 9V battery and a 3Ω resistor, what is the current flowing through the resistor? (2023)
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Solution
Using Ohm's law, I = V/R = 9V / 3Ω = 3A.
Correct Answer: B — 2A
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Q. In a circuit with a 9V battery and a 3Ω resistor, what is the power dissipated by the resistor? (2021)
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Solution
Power is given by P = V²/R = (9V)² / 3Ω = 81V² / 3Ω = 27W.
Correct Answer: B — 9W
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Q. In a circuit with a 9V battery and a 3Ω resistor, what is the power dissipated in the resistor? (2023)
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Solution
Power P = V²/R = (9V)² / 3Ω = 81 / 3 = 27W.
Correct Answer: B — 9W
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Q. In a circuit, if the current is doubled while the resistance remains constant, what happens to the power consumed? (2020)
A.
It doubles
B.
It triples
C.
It remains the same
D.
It halves
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Solution
Power is given by P = I²R. If I is doubled, P becomes (2I)²R = 4I²R, which means power quadruples.
Correct Answer: A — It doubles
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Q. In a circuit, if the resistance is halved while the voltage remains constant, what happens to the current? (2022)
A.
It halves
B.
It doubles
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
According to Ohm's law, I = V/R. If R is halved, I will double.
Correct Answer: B — It doubles
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Q. In a circuit, if the voltage is doubled and the resistance remains constant, what happens to the current? (2020)
A.
Doubles
B.
Halves
C.
Remains the same
D.
Quadruples
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Solution
According to Ohm's law, I = V/R. If V is doubled, I also doubles.
Correct Answer: A — Doubles
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Q. In a damped harmonic oscillator, what happens to the amplitude over time? (2023)
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Oscillates
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Solution
In a damped harmonic oscillator, the amplitude decreases over time due to energy loss.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. In a diffraction pattern, the central maximum is observed to be the brightest. What is the reason for this? (2022)
A.
It has the least path difference
B.
It has the maximum path difference
C.
It has the maximum intensity
D.
It has the minimum intensity
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Solution
The central maximum has the maximum intensity because all light waves arrive in phase at this point, leading to constructive interference.
Correct Answer: C — It has the maximum intensity
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Q. In a double-slit experiment, if the wavelength of light is halved, what happens to the fringe width? (2020)
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
Fringe width (β) is given by β = λD/d. If λ is halved, β will also be halved.
Correct Answer: A — It doubles
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Q. In a harmonic oscillator, if the mass is doubled while keeping the spring constant the same, how does the frequency change? (2021)
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
Frequency (f) = (1/2π)√(k/m). If mass (m) is doubled, frequency decreases.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. In a parallel circuit with two resistors of 6Ω and 3Ω, what is the total current if a 12V battery is connected? (2021)
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Solution
First, find the equivalent resistance: 1/R_eq = 1/6 + 1/3 = 1/2, so R_eq = 2Ω. Then, I = V/R_eq = 12V / 2Ω = 6A.
Correct Answer: C — 6A
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Q. In a parallel circuit with two resistors of 6Ω and 3Ω, what is the total resistance? (2019)
A.
2Ω
B.
4Ω
C.
1.5Ω
D.
9Ω
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Solution
Using the formula 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2, we get 1/R_eq = 1/6 + 1/3 = 1/6 + 2/6 = 3/6, thus R_eq = 2Ω.
Correct Answer: B — 4Ω
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Q. In a parallel circuit, if one branch has a resistance of 4Ω and another has 8Ω, what is the equivalent resistance? (2020)
A.
2.67Ω
B.
3Ω
C.
4Ω
D.
6Ω
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Solution
1/R_eq = 1/4 + 1/8 = 2/8 + 1/8 = 3/8, so R_eq = 8/3Ω ≈ 2.67Ω.
Correct Answer: A — 2.67Ω
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Q. In a parallel RLC circuit, if R = 50 ohms, L = 0.2H, and C = 50μF, what is the total admittance? (2023)
A.
0.02 S
B.
0.04 S
C.
0.06 S
D.
0.08 S
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Solution
Y = 1/R + j(ωC - 1/ωL); calculate Y for given values.
Correct Answer: C — 0.06 S
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