The equation of state for an ideal gas is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Kp can be calculated from Kc using the relation Kp = Kc(RT)^(Δn), where Δn is the change in moles of gas. Here, Δn = 2 - 3 = -1, so Kp = Kc(0.0821T)^(-1). Assuming standard conditions, Kp = 4 * (1/RT) = 16.

The escape velocity from the surface of the Earth is approximately 11.2 km/s.

Faraday's first law states that the mass of a substance deposited at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte.

The pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower, consisting of the ovary, style, and stigma.

The five-kingdom classification system was proposed by Robert Whittaker.

The force experienced by a charged particle moving in a magnetic field is described by the Lorentz Force Law, F = q(v × B).

The force (F) on a charged particle in a magnetic field is given by F = qvB sin(θ). The force is maximum when θ = 90 degrees, as sin(90) = 1.

The force (F) on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field is described by the Lorentz Force Law, F = q(v × B), where q is the charge, v is the velocity, and B is the magnetic field.

The force on a charged particle in a magnetic field is given by F = qvB sin(θ). The force is maximum when sin(θ) = 1, which occurs at θ = 90 degrees.

In forward bias, the anode is connected to a higher potential than the cathode, allowing current to flow.

Angular frequency (ω) = 2πf = 2π × 5 = 10 rad/s

The frequency of the second harmonic is twice the fundamental frequency. Therefore, if the fundamental frequency is 10 Hz, the second harmonic frequency is 2 * 10 Hz = 20 Hz.

The Freundlich isotherm is represented by the equation x/m = kP^(1/n), where x is the amount adsorbed, m is the mass of the adsorbent, and P is the pressure.

Fertilization is the process where the male gamete (sperm) fuses with the female gamete (egg) to form a zygote.

The gravitational field strength is given by E = GM/r^2.

If the distance is tripled, the force becomes F/9, which is approximately 1.11 N.

The gravitational force depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them, as per Newton's law of gravitation.

Gravitational force acts at a distance without any physical contact between the masses.

Gravitational potential energy is defined as the work done against gravity to move an object to a height.

Gravitational potential energy is calculated using the formula U = mgh.

The gravitational potential energy is given by the formula U = mgh.

The gravitational potential energy is given by the formula U = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by the expression t1/2 = 0.693/k, where k is the rate constant.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by the formula t1/2 = 0.693/k, where k is the rate constant.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is independent of the initial concentration.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is independent of the initial concentration.