Dicots are characterized by having net-like leaf venation and two cotyledons.

Dicotyledons are characterized by having two cotyledons in their seeds.

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus.

Eukaryotic genes often contain introns, which are non-coding sequences that are removed during RNA processing.

GMOs are organisms whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques, often incorporating genes from other species.

Gibberellins promote flowering and are also involved in seed germination and stem elongation.

The ability to evolve is a characteristic of life, allowing organisms to adapt to their environment over generations.

Living organisms can evolve over time, which is a fundamental characteristic of life.

Meristematic tissue is characterized by its ability to divide and give rise to various types of plant tissues.

Pathogenic microbes are those that can cause diseases in humans, animals, or plants.

Phototropism is the growth of a plant towards light, facilitated by auxins.

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that promote gut health and are often found in fermented foods.

Prokaryotic cells have circular DNA and lack membrane-bound organelles.

Sexual reproduction in plants involves the formation of gametes (male and female) and results in genetically diverse offspring.

Sexual reproduction typically involves two parents and results in offspring that are genetically diverse.

The kingdom Animalia consists of multicellular and heterotrophic organisms.

Archaea are known for thriving in extreme environmental conditions.

Monera consists of prokaryotic cells, which are unicellular and lack a defined nucleus.

Plants are characterized by having cellulose in their cell walls.

The kingdom Protista includes both autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms.

Annelida, or segmented worms, are characterized by their segmented bodies.

Echinoderms exhibit radial symmetry in their adult form, which is a defining characteristic of this phylum.

Nematodes, or roundworms, are characterized by a body covered with a cuticle and are unsegmented.

Phylum Porifera, which includes sponges, is characterized by a porous body structure.

Gene cloning is a common application in biotechnology for producing proteins and studying genes.

Biotechnology is widely used in the food industry for fermentation, genetic modification, and food preservation.

The synthesis of therapeutic proteins, such as insulin and monoclonal antibodies, is a common application of biotechnology in the pharmaceutical industry.

Microbes are used in agriculture for pesticides, fertilizers, and enhancing soil fertility.

Yeast is commonly used in alcoholic fermentation to produce beverages like beer and wine.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a widely used method for producing transgenic plants by transferring genes into plant cells.