Decreasing the concentration of products will shift the equilibrium to the right to produce more products, according to Le Chatelier's principle.

According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium to the right to form more products.

According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium position to the right to produce more products.

For an exothermic reaction, decreasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right, favoring the formation of products.

For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium position to the left, favoring the reactants.

For an endothermic reaction, increasing temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right, increasing Kc.

The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is called the rate-determining step, as it controls the overall reaction rate.

The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is known as the rate-determining step.

According to the balanced equation 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, 2 moles of H2 produce 2 moles of H2O.

At high temperatures, ΔG will be positive because the positive ΔH and negative ΔS will dominate the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS.

The mole ratio of A to C is 3:4 based on the coefficients in the balanced equation.

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS = -100 kJ - (298 K * 0.2 kJ/K) = -100 kJ - 59.6 kJ = -159.6 kJ.

Using the Arrhenius equation, Ea can be estimated to be around 40 kJ/mol.

The oxidizing agent is the species that gains electrons and is reduced.

In a refrigerator, work is done on the system to transfer heat from a colder body to a hotter body, which is against the natural flow of heat.

The electric flux Φ through a surface area A in a uniform electric field E is given by Φ = EA when the surface is perpendicular to the field.

The electric flux is maximum when the angle between the electric field and the normal to the surface is 0°, as Φ = E·A·cos(θ).

A plane is the simplest Gaussian surface for uniform electric fields, as it allows for straightforward calculation of flux.

In a reversible process, the change in entropy of the universe is zero, as the system and surroundings are in equilibrium.

In a reversible process, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) is zero at equilibrium.

In a reversible process at equilibrium, the change in Gibbs free energy is zero.

Since L = Iω, if L is doubled and I remains constant, then ω must also double.

Torque (τ) = F × r = 30 N × 2 m = 60 Nm.

To balance the seesaw, the other child must exert an equal torque of 30 N·m.

The energy required to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band is known as the band gap energy.

a_5 = 2^5 = 32.

a_5 = 2^5 = 32.

Total resistance R = 2Ω + 3Ω + 5Ω = 10Ω. Current I = V / R = 12V / 10Ω = 1.2A.

Total resistance R = R1 + R2 = 3Ω + 6Ω = 9Ω. Current I = V/R = 12V/9Ω = 4/3A.

Total resistance R = R1 + R2 = 4Ω + 8Ω = 12Ω; I = V / R = 12V / 12Ω = 1A.