Q. A river basin has an area of 500 km². If the average rainfall is 800 mm per year, what is the total volume of water received by the basin in a year? (2019)
A.
400,000,000 m³
B.
500,000,000 m³
C.
600,000,000 m³
D.
700,000,000 m³
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Solution
Volume = area × rainfall = 500 km² × 800 mm = 500,000,000 m³.
Correct Answer: A — 400,000,000 m³
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Q. A river carries 1500 m³ of water per second. If the river's width is 25 m, what is the average depth of the river?
A.
6 m
B.
5 m
C.
4 m
D.
3 m
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Solution
Discharge = Width × Depth × Velocity. Assuming velocity = 1 m/s, Depth = Discharge / (Width × Velocity) = 1500 m³/s / (25 m × 1 m/s) = 60 m.
Correct Answer: B — 5 m
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Q. A river flows at a speed of 3 m/s. How far will it travel in 2 hours? (2020)
A.
21600 m
B.
7200 m
C.
10800 m
D.
3600 m
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Solution
Distance = speed × time = 3 m/s × 7200 s = 21600 m.
Correct Answer: A — 21600 m
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Q. A river flows through a region with a soil erosion rate of 5 tons per hectare per year. If the area of the watershed is 100 hectares, how much soil is eroded in a year?
A.
500 tons
B.
1000 tons
C.
200 tons
D.
300 tons
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Solution
Soil eroded = Erosion rate × Area = 5 tons/hectare/year × 100 hectares = 500 tons/year.
Correct Answer: B — 1000 tons
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Q. A river has a cross-sectional area of 150 m² and flows at a velocity of 4 m/s. What is the discharge of the river? (2021)
A.
600 m³/s
B.
400 m³/s
C.
300 m³/s
D.
200 m³/s
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Solution
Discharge = area × velocity = 150 m² × 4 m/s = 600 m³/s.
Correct Answer: A — 600 m³/s
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Q. A river has a length of 100 km and a drainage area of 500 km². What is the average discharge per square kilometer?
A.
0.2 m³/s
B.
0.5 m³/s
C.
1 m³/s
D.
1.5 m³/s
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Solution
Average discharge = Total discharge / Drainage area. Assuming total discharge = 250 m³/s, Average discharge = 250 m³/s / 500 km² = 0.5 m³/s.
Correct Answer: B — 0.5 m³/s
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Q. A river's velocity is measured at 2 m/s. If the river's width is 10 m and depth is 3 m, what is the discharge?
A.
60 m³/s
B.
30 m³/s
C.
20 m³/s
D.
10 m³/s
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Solution
Discharge = Velocity × Area. Area = Width × Depth = 10 m × 3 m = 30 m². Discharge = 2 m/s × 30 m² = 60 m³/s.
Correct Answer: B — 30 m³/s
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Q. A river's width is 15 m and its average depth is 2 m. What is the cross-sectional area of the river?
A.
30 m²
B.
15 m²
C.
45 m²
D.
60 m²
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Solution
Cross-sectional area = Width × Depth = 15 m × 2 m = 30 m².
Correct Answer: D — 60 m²
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Q. A soil sample contains 40% sand, 30% silt, and 30% clay. What is the percentage of clay in the sample? (2022)
A.
30%
B.
40%
C.
50%
D.
20%
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Solution
The percentage of clay is given as 30%.
Correct Answer: A — 30%
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Q. If a river has a sediment transport capacity of 200 kg/m³ and flows at a rate of 10 m³/s, what is the total sediment transported in one hour? (2000)
A.
72000 kg
B.
60000 kg
C.
360000 kg
D.
120000 kg
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Solution
Total sediment = Sediment capacity × Flow rate × Time = 200 kg/m³ × 10 m³/s × 3600 s = 7200000 kg.
Correct Answer: C — 360000 kg
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Q. If a river's flow rate increases by 20% and its original flow rate was 50 m³/s, what is the new flow rate?
A.
60 m³/s
B.
70 m³/s
C.
80 m³/s
D.
90 m³/s
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Solution
New flow rate = Original flow rate + (20% of Original flow rate) = 50 m³/s + (0.2 × 50 m³/s) = 60 m³/s.
Correct Answer: A — 60 m³/s
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Q. If a river's flow rate is 500 cubic meters per second, how many liters of water flow in 10 minutes? (2019)
A.
300,000 L
B.
300,000,000 L
C.
1,800,000 L
D.
1,500,000 L
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Solution
Flow in 10 minutes = 500 m³/s × 600 s = 300,000 m³ = 300,000,000 L.
Correct Answer: B — 300,000,000 L
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Q. If a river's sediment load is 200 kg/m³ and the river has a flow rate of 10 m³/s, what is the total sediment transported in one hour? (2022)
A.
720,000 kg
B.
600,000 kg
C.
1,200,000 kg
D.
1,440,000 kg
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Solution
Sediment transported = sediment load × flow rate × time = 200 kg/m³ × 10 m³/s × 3600 s = 720,000 kg.
Correct Answer: D — 1,440,000 kg
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Q. If a riverbank erodes at a rate of 2 meters per year, how much will it erode in 5 years? (2023)
A.
5 m
B.
10 m
C.
15 m
D.
20 m
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Solution
Erosion = rate × time = 2 m/year × 5 years = 10 m.
Correct Answer: B — 10 m
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Q. If the pH of a river is measured to be 7.5, what type of water is it considered? (2020)
A.
Acidic
B.
Neutral
C.
Alkaline
D.
Distilled
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Solution
A pH greater than 7 is considered alkaline.
Correct Answer: C — Alkaline
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Q. If the slope of a riverbed is 1:1000, what is the vertical drop over a distance of 2 km? (2000)
A.
2 m
B.
1 m
C.
3 m
D.
4 m
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Solution
Vertical drop = Distance × Slope = 2000 m × (1/1000) = 2 m.
Correct Answer: A — 2 m
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Q. If the soil in a riverbank has a porosity of 30% and the volume of soil is 100 m³, what is the volume of water it can hold?
A.
30 m³
B.
20 m³
C.
10 m³
D.
40 m³
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Solution
Volume of water = Porosity × Volume of soil = 0.3 × 100 m³ = 30 m³.
Correct Answer: A — 30 m³
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Q. If the velocity of a river is 3 m/s and the width of the river is 20 m, what is the discharge of the river?
A.
60 m³/s
B.
30 m³/s
C.
20 m³/s
D.
15 m³/s
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Solution
Discharge = Velocity × Area. Area = Width × Depth. Assuming depth = 1 m, Area = 20 m × 1 m = 20 m². Discharge = 3 m/s × 20 m² = 60 m³/s.
Correct Answer: A — 60 m³/s
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Q. If the width of a river is 200 meters and the depth is 5 meters, what is the volume of water in one kilometer length of the river? (2021)
A.
100,000 m³
B.
1,000,000 m³
C.
500,000 m³
D.
200,000 m³
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Solution
Volume = width × depth × length = 200 m × 5 m × 1000 m = 1,000,000 m³.
Correct Answer: B — 1,000,000 m³
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Q. What is the primary factor that affects the soil erosion rate in riverbanks? (2023)
A.
Soil type
B.
Vegetation cover
C.
Water flow speed
D.
All of the above
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Solution
All of the above factors affect soil erosion rate.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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