Coordination compounds can exhibit optical isomerism due to the arrangement of ligands around the central metal ion.

Galvanic cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy spontaneously.

In an adiabatic process, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings, and the temperature of the system changes due to work done on or by the system.

In an isochoric process, the volume of the system remains constant.

The complex [Fe(CN)6]3- is a low-spin complex due to the strong field nature of CN- ligands, resulting in paired electrons.

Adsorption isotherms describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate on the adsorbent and its pressure at a constant temperature, illustrating how adsorption varies with pressure.

Reduction is defined as the gain of electrons, and it always occurs simultaneously with oxidation in redox reactions.

The Freundlich adsorption isotherm is applicable to heterogeneous surfaces and describes how adsorption varies with pressure or concentration, indicating that it is not limited to monolayer adsorption.

The Freundlich adsorption isotherm describes heterogeneous adsorption on surfaces with varying affinities, making it suitable for real-world applications.

Solids have a definite shape due to closely packed particles that do not move freely.

Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.

Plasma has the highest kinetic energy as it consists of ionized gases with free-moving charged particles.

Gases have the least intermolecular forces, allowing particles to move freely.

Phosphorus is essential for the formation of DNA as it is part of the backbone structure.

Carbon is known for its allotropes, including diamond and graphite.

PLA (Polylactic Acid) is a commonly used polymer in 3D printing due to its ease of use and biodegradability.

Teflon (PTFE) is known for its high heat resistance and non-stick properties.

The magnetic quantum number describes the orientation of an orbital.

Dehydration is a characteristic reaction of alcohols where they lose water to form alkenes.

Amines can be prepared from alkyl halides through nucleophilic substitution reactions where the amine acts as a nucleophile.

Amines can be prepared from alkyl halides through nucleophilic substitution reactions, where the halide is replaced by an amine group.

NaOH can be used to convert an alkyl halide to an alcohol through nucleophilic substitution.

Bromine water is used to test for phenols, as they will decolorize bromine water.

PCl5 is commonly used to convert alcohols to alkyl halides through a substitution reaction.

Solids have a definite shape and volume due to their closely packed particles.

Plasma has the highest kinetic energy as it consists of ionized particles moving freely.

Iron (Fe) has the electron configuration [Ar] 3d6 4s2.

Tungsten (W) has the highest melting point among transition metals.

Cobalt commonly forms complex ions with a coordination number of 6, such as in [Co(NH3)6]3+.

Iron is used as a catalyst in the Haber process for ammonia synthesis.