Q. If ΔG is negative for a reaction, what can be inferred about the reaction?
A.
The reaction is at equilibrium.
B.
The reaction is spontaneous.
C.
The reaction is non-spontaneous.
D.
The reaction requires energy input.
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Solution
A negative ΔG indicates that the reaction is spontaneous.
Correct Answer: B — The reaction is spontaneous.
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Q. If ΔG is negative for a reaction, what can be inferred?
A.
The reaction is non-spontaneous.
B.
The reaction is at equilibrium.
C.
The reaction is spontaneous.
D.
The reaction requires energy input.
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Solution
A negative ΔG indicates that the reaction is spontaneous under the given conditions.
Correct Answer: C — The reaction is spontaneous.
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Q. If ΔG is negative, what does it indicate about the reaction?
A.
Reaction is at equilibrium
B.
Reaction is spontaneous
C.
Reaction is non-spontaneous
D.
Reaction requires energy input
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Solution
A negative ΔG indicates that the reaction is spontaneous.
Correct Answer: B — Reaction is spontaneous
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Q. If ΔG is positive, what can be inferred about the reaction?
A.
The reaction is spontaneous.
B.
The reaction is at equilibrium.
C.
The reaction is non-spontaneous.
D.
The reaction will proceed in reverse.
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Solution
If ΔG is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous under the given conditions.
Correct Answer: C — The reaction is non-spontaneous.
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Q. If ΔH = 100 kJ and ΔS = 0.2 kJ/K, what is ΔG at 298 K?
A.
100 kJ
B.
96 kJ
C.
104 kJ
D.
90 kJ
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Solution
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS = 100 kJ - 298 K * 0.2 kJ/K = 100 kJ - 59.6 kJ = 40.4 kJ.
Correct Answer: B — 96 kJ
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Q. If ΔH is negative and ΔS is positive, what can be said about ΔG?
A.
ΔG is always positive.
B.
ΔG is always negative.
C.
ΔG can be positive or negative depending on temperature.
D.
ΔG is zero.
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Solution
If ΔH is negative and ΔS is positive, ΔG will always be negative, indicating that the reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures.
Correct Answer: B — ΔG is always negative.
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Q. In a bag containing 3 red, 2 blue, and 5 green balls, what is the probability of drawing a blue ball?
A.
1/5
B.
1/4
C.
1/10
D.
1/2
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Solution
Total balls = 3 + 2 + 5 = 10. Probability of drawing a blue ball = Number of blue balls / Total balls = 2/10 = 1/5.
Correct Answer: B — 1/4
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Q. In a bag of 10 balls, 4 are red and 6 are blue. What is the probability of picking a red ball?
A.
2/5
B.
4/10
C.
3/5
D.
1/2
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Solution
Probability = Number of red balls / Total balls = 4/10 = 2/5.
Correct Answer: B — 4/10
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Q. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, if R1 = 10Ω, R2 = 15Ω, and R3 = 5Ω, what is the value of R4?
A.
7.5Ω
B.
10Ω
C.
15Ω
D.
20Ω
Show solution
Solution
Using the balance condition R1/R2 = R3/R4, we find R4 = (R2 * R3) / R1 = (15 * 5) / 10 = 7.5Ω.
Correct Answer: A — 7.5Ω
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Q. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, if R1 = 10Ω, R2 = 5Ω, and R3 = 15Ω, what is the value of R4?
A.
7.5Ω
B.
10Ω
C.
12.5Ω
D.
20Ω
Show solution
Solution
Using the balance condition R1/R2 = R3/R4, we find R4 = (R2 * R3) / R1 = (5 * 15) / 10 = 7.5Ω.
Correct Answer: C — 12.5Ω
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Q. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the potential difference across the galvanometer is:
A.
Equal to the supply voltage.
B.
Zero.
C.
Equal to the resistance of the galvanometer.
D.
Equal to the potential difference across R1.
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Solution
In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the potential difference across the galvanometer is zero.
Correct Answer: B — Zero.
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Q. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, what is the potential difference across the galvanometer?
A.
Equal to the supply voltage
B.
Zero
C.
Equal to the resistance
D.
Depends on the resistances
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Solution
In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the potential difference across the galvanometer is zero.
Correct Answer: B — Zero
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Q. In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, what is the relationship between the resistances R1, R2, R3, and R4?
A.
R1/R2 = R3/R4
B.
R1 + R2 = R3 + R4
C.
R1 * R4 = R2 * R3
D.
R1 - R2 = R3 - R4
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Solution
In a balanced Wheatstone bridge, the ratio of the resistances in one arm equals the ratio in the other arm, hence R1/R2 = R3/R4.
Correct Answer: A — R1/R2 = R3/R4
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if component A has a higher vapor pressure than component B, what can be inferred about the solution?
A.
It will show positive deviation from Raoult's Law.
B.
It will show negative deviation from Raoult's Law.
C.
It will have a lower boiling point than pure A.
D.
It will have a higher boiling point than pure B.
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Solution
If component A has a higher vapor pressure than component B, the solution will show positive deviation from Raoult's Law.
Correct Answer: A — It will show positive deviation from Raoult's Law.
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the mole fraction of A is 0.6, what is the mole fraction of B?
A.
0.4
B.
0.6
C.
1.0
D.
0.2
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Solution
The mole fraction of B can be calculated as 1 - mole fraction of A = 1 - 0.6 = 0.4.
Correct Answer: A — 0.4
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of A is 80 mmHg and that of B is 40 mmHg, what is the total vapor pressure when both are present?
A.
40 mmHg
B.
80 mmHg
C.
120 mmHg
D.
100 mmHg
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Solution
The total vapor pressure is the sum of the partial pressures: P_total = P_A + P_B = 80 mmHg + 40 mmHg = 120 mmHg.
Correct Answer: D — 100 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of A is 80 mmHg and that of B is 40 mmHg, what is the total vapor pressure of the solution if the mole fraction of A is 0.75?
A.
60 mmHg
B.
70 mmHg
C.
80 mmHg
D.
90 mmHg
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Solution
Total vapor pressure = P_A + P_B = (0.75 * 80) + (0.25 * 40) = 60 + 10 = 70 mmHg.
Correct Answer: D — 90 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of pure A is 150 mmHg and pure B is 50 mmHg, what is the total vapor pressure when the mole fraction of A is 0.4?
A.
90 mmHg
B.
120 mmHg
C.
150 mmHg
D.
100 mmHg
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Solution
Total vapor pressure = (X_A * P_A^0) + (X_B * P_B^0) = (0.4 * 150) + (0.6 * 50) = 60 + 30 = 90 mmHg.
Correct Answer: B — 120 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of pure A is 80 mmHg and that of pure B is 40 mmHg, what is the vapor pressure of the solution if the mole fraction of A is 0.6?
A.
64 mmHg
B.
72 mmHg
C.
80 mmHg
D.
56 mmHg
Show solution
Solution
Using Raoult's Law, the vapor pressure of the solution = (0.6 * 80 mmHg) + (0.4 * 40 mmHg) = 64 mmHg.
Correct Answer: B — 72 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of pure A is 80 mmHg and pure B is 40 mmHg, what is the vapor pressure of the solution if the mole fraction of A is 0.6?
A.
64 mmHg
B.
72 mmHg
C.
80 mmHg
D.
56 mmHg
Show solution
Solution
Using Raoult's Law, the vapor pressure of the solution = (0.6 * 80 mmHg) + (0.4 * 40 mmHg) = 64 mmHg.
Correct Answer: B — 72 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of pure A is 80 mmHg and pure B is 40 mmHg, what is the total vapor pressure when the mole fraction of A is 0.5?
A.
60 mmHg
B.
70 mmHg
C.
80 mmHg
D.
50 mmHg
Show solution
Solution
Total vapor pressure = P_A + P_B = (0.5 * 80) + (0.5 * 40) = 40 + 20 = 60 mmHg.
Correct Answer: B — 70 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of pure A is 80 mmHg and pure B is 40 mmHg, what is the vapor pressure of component A if the mole fraction of A is 0.6?
A.
48 mmHg
B.
64 mmHg
C.
80 mmHg
D.
32 mmHg
Show solution
Solution
Using Raoult's Law, the vapor pressure of A in the solution is 0.6 * 80 mmHg = 48 mmHg.
Correct Answer: B — 64 mmHg
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Q. In a binary solution of A and B, if the vapor pressure of pure A is 80 mmHg and that of pure B is 40 mmHg, what is the total vapor pressure when the mole fraction of A is 0.6?
A.
64 mmHg
B.
72 mmHg
C.
80 mmHg
D.
88 mmHg
Show solution
Solution
Using Raoult's Law, the total vapor pressure = (0.6 * 80 mmHg) + (0.4 * 40 mmHg) = 48 mmHg + 16 mmHg = 64 mmHg.
Correct Answer: B — 72 mmHg
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Q. In a box of 10 balls, 4 are red and 6 are blue. What is the probability of picking a red ball?
A.
0.4
B.
0.5
C.
0.6
D.
0.7
Show solution
Solution
Probability = Number of red balls / Total balls = 4/10 = 0.4.
Correct Answer: A — 0.4
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Q. In a box of 100 balls, 30 are red, 50 are blue, and 20 are green. What is the probability of picking a red ball?
A.
0.3
B.
0.5
C.
0.2
D.
0.1
Show solution
Solution
Probability = Number of red balls / Total balls = 30/100 = 0.3.
Correct Answer: A — 0.3
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Q. In a box, there are 5 white and 3 black balls. If a ball is drawn and it is black, what is the probability that the next ball drawn is white?
A.
0.625
B.
0.5
C.
0.375
D.
0.25
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Solution
After drawing a black ball, there are 5 white and 2 black balls left. The probability of drawing a white ball next is 5/(5+2) = 5/7 ≈ 0.625.
Correct Answer: A — 0.625
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Q. In a capacitor, if the plate area is increased while keeping the separation constant, what happens to the capacitance?
A.
It increases
B.
It decreases
C.
It remains the same
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
Capacitance is directly proportional to the plate area A. Increasing A increases capacitance.
Correct Answer: A — It increases
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Q. In a capacitor, what does the dielectric constant represent?
A.
The ability to store charge
B.
The ability to resist electric field
C.
The ability to increase capacitance
D.
The ability to conduct electricity
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Solution
The dielectric constant represents the ability of a material to increase the capacitance of a capacitor compared to a vacuum.
Correct Answer: C — The ability to increase capacitance
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Q. In a capacitor, what is the relationship between charge (Q), capacitance (C), and voltage (V)?
A.
Q = C + V
B.
Q = C * V
C.
Q = V / C
D.
Q = C - V
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Solution
The relationship is given by Q = C * V, where Q is the charge, C is the capacitance, and V is the voltage.
Correct Answer: B — Q = C * V
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Q. In a capillary tube, how does the viscosity of a fluid affect the height to which it rises?
A.
Higher viscosity leads to higher rise
B.
Higher viscosity leads to lower rise
C.
Viscosity has no effect
D.
It depends on the tube diameter
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Solution
Higher viscosity results in a lower height of rise in a capillary tube due to greater resistance to flow.
Correct Answer: B — Higher viscosity leads to lower rise
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