Electrostatics
Q. What is the electric potential at a point 0.3m away from a charge of +4μC?
A.
12000 V
B.
3000 V
C.
6000 V
D.
9000 V
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Solution
V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9) * (4 × 10^-6) / 0.3 = 12000 V.
Correct Answer: A — 12000 V
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Q. What is the electric potential at a point due to a point charge?
A.
kQ/r
B.
Q/(4πε₀r²)
C.
kQ/(4πε₀r)
D.
Q/(4πr²)
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Solution
The electric potential V at a distance r from a point charge Q is given by V = kQ/r, where k is Coulomb's constant.
Correct Answer: A — kQ/r
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Q. What is the electric potential at a point due to a positive point charge?
A.
Zero
B.
Positive
C.
Negative
D.
Depends on distance
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Solution
The electric potential due to a positive point charge is positive and decreases with distance from the charge.
Correct Answer: B — Positive
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Q. What is the electric potential at a point in space where the electric field is zero?
A.
Zero
B.
Positive
C.
Negative
D.
Undefined
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Solution
The electric potential can be positive or negative; it is not necessarily zero when the electric field is zero.
Correct Answer: B — Positive
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Q. What is the electric potential due to a dipole at a point along the axial line at a distance 'r' from the center of the dipole?
A.
0
B.
k * p / r²
C.
k * p / r
D.
k * p / 2r
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Solution
The potential V = k * p / r, where p is the dipole moment.
Correct Answer: C — k * p / r
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Q. What is the electric potential due to a point charge at a distance r?
A.
k * q / r
B.
k * q / r^2
C.
k * q * r
D.
k * q * r^2
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Solution
The electric potential V due to a point charge q at a distance r is given by V = k * q / r.
Correct Answer: A — k * q / r
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Q. What is the electric potential due to a point charge of 5 μC at a distance of 2 m?
A.
0 V
B.
2250 V
C.
1125 V
D.
4500 V
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Solution
Electric potential V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (5 × 10^-6 C) / (2 m) = 2250 V.
Correct Answer: B — 2250 V
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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a charge of 1 C at a point where the electric potential is 10 V?
A.
10 J
B.
1 J
C.
0 J
D.
100 J
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Solution
Electric potential energy U = q * V = 1 C * 10 V = 10 J.
Correct Answer: A — 10 J
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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a charge of 1 C placed in an electric field of 10 N/C at a distance of 2 m?
A.
20 J
B.
10 J
C.
5 J
D.
2 J
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Solution
Electric potential energy U = q * V = q * E * d = 1 C * 10 N/C * 2 m = 20 J.
Correct Answer: A — 20 J
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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a charge of 1 μC placed in an electric potential of 200 V?
A.
0.2 mJ
B.
0.1 mJ
C.
0.4 mJ
D.
0.5 mJ
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Solution
Electric potential energy U = q * V = 1 × 10^-6 C * 200 V = 0.2 mJ.
Correct Answer: A — 0.2 mJ
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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a system of two charges +q and -q separated by a distance r?
A.
0
B.
kq²/r
C.
-kq²/r
D.
kq/r
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Solution
The electric potential energy U = k(q1*q2)/r = k(+q*-q)/r = -kq²/r.
Correct Answer: C — -kq²/r
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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a system of two charges of +2 μC and -2 μC separated by 0.5 m?
A.
-72 J
B.
72 J
C.
0 J
D.
-36 J
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Solution
U = k * (q1 * q2) / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (2 × 10^-6 C * -2 × 10^-6 C) / 0.5 m = -72 J.
Correct Answer: D — -36 J
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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a system of two point charges Q1 and Q2 separated by a distance r?
A.
kQ1Q2/r
B.
kQ1Q2/2r
C.
kQ1Q2/r²
D.
kQ1Q2
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Solution
The electric potential energy U of a system of two point charges is given by U = kQ1Q2/r.
Correct Answer: A — kQ1Q2/r
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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor of capacitance 10μF charged to a potential difference of 50V?
A.
0.0125 J
B.
0.025 J
C.
0.05 J
D.
0.1 J
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Solution
U = 1/2 * C * V² = 1/2 * (10 × 10^-6 F) * (50 V)² = 0.0125 J.
Correct Answer: B — 0.025 J
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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor of capacitance C charged to a voltage V?
A.
1/2 CV
B.
CV
C.
1/2 C/V
D.
C/V
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Solution
The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV².
Correct Answer: A — 1/2 CV
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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor with capacitance C charged to a voltage V?
A.
1/2 CV²
B.
CV
C.
1/2 V²/C
D.
C²V
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Solution
The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV².
Correct Answer: A — 1/2 CV²
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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor with capacitance C charged to voltage V?
A.
1/2 CV
B.
CV
C.
1/2 C/V
D.
C/V
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Solution
The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV².
Correct Answer: A — 1/2 CV
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Q. What is the force between two point charges of +2μC and -3μC separated by a distance of 0.5m in vacuum?
A.
-1.08 N
B.
-0.72 N
C.
1.08 N
D.
0.72 N
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Solution
Using Coulomb's law, F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * |2 × 10^-6 * -3 × 10^-6| / (0.5)^2 = -1.08 N.
Correct Answer: A — -1.08 N
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Q. What is the force experienced by a charge q in an electric field E?
A.
F = qE
B.
F = E/q
C.
F = q/E
D.
F = q + E
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Solution
The force experienced by a charge q in an electric field E is given by F = qE.
Correct Answer: A — F = qE
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Q. What is the potential at a distance of 1 m from a dipole with a dipole moment of 2 × 10^-9 C·m?
A.
0 V
B.
1 V
C.
2 V
D.
4 V
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Solution
Potential due to a dipole V = (1/4πε₀) * (p * cosθ) / r². At 1 m, it is negligible.
Correct Answer: A — 0 V
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Q. What is the potential difference across a 5 Ω resistor carrying a current of 2 A?
A.
10 V
B.
5 V
C.
2 V
D.
0 V
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Solution
Using Ohm's law, V = I * R = 2 A * 5 Ω = 10 V.
Correct Answer: A — 10 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B if the electric field is uniform and equal to 50 N/C, and the distance between A and B is 2m?
A.
100 V
B.
50 V
C.
25 V
D.
0 V
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Solution
Potential difference V = E * d = 50 N/C * 2 m = 100 V.
Correct Answer: A — 100 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B if the electric field is 5 N/C and the distance between them is 3 m?
A.
15 V
B.
5 V
C.
3 V
D.
0 V
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Solution
Potential difference V = E * d = 5 N/C * 3 m = 15 V.
Correct Answer: A — 15 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of 5μC from A to B is 10mJ?
A.
2V
B.
5V
C.
10V
D.
20V
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Solution
Potential difference V = W/Q = 10mJ / 5μC = 10 × 10^-3 J / 5 × 10^-6 C = 2V.
Correct Answer: B — 5V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of 5μC from A to B is 0.02 J?
A.
4 V
B.
2 V
C.
10 V
D.
0.1 V
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Solution
Potential difference V = W/Q = 0.02 J / (5 × 10^-6 C) = 4000 V = 4 V.
Correct Answer: A — 4 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of +2C from A to B is 10J?
A.
5 V
B.
10 V
C.
20 V
D.
2 V
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Solution
V = W/Q = 10 J / 2 C = 5 V.
Correct Answer: B — 10 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field of 200 N/C if the distance between them is 0.5 m?
A.
100 V
B.
200 V
C.
50 V
D.
25 V
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Solution
Potential difference V = E * d = 200 N/C * 0.5 m = 100 V.
Correct Answer: A — 100 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points in a uniform electric field of strength 200 N/C separated by 3m?
A.
600 V
B.
200 V
C.
300 V
D.
400 V
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Solution
V = E * d = 200 N/C * 3 m = 600 V.
Correct Answer: A — 600 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points in an electric field if the work done to move a charge of 2μC is 0.04 J?
A.
20 V
B.
30 V
C.
40 V
D.
50 V
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Solution
Potential difference V = W/q = 0.04 J / (2 × 10^-6 C) = 20,000 V = 20 V.
Correct Answer: C — 40 V
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Q. What is the potential difference between two points in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of 3 C from one point to another is 15 J?
A.
5 V
B.
10 V
C.
15 V
D.
20 V
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Solution
Potential difference V = Work done / Charge = 15 J / 3 C = 5 V.
Correct Answer: B — 10 V
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