Electric Potential
Q. If the electric potential at a point is 150 V and the electric field is uniform, what is the potential difference over a distance of 3 m?
A.
50 V
B.
150 V
C.
100 V
D.
200 V
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Solution
Potential difference ΔV = E * d = (150 V / 3 m) * 3 m = 150 V.
Correct Answer: A — 50 V
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is 200 V and a charge of -1 C is placed at that point, what is the potential energy?
A.
-200 J
B.
200 J
C.
0 J
D.
100 J
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Solution
Potential energy U = q * V = -1 C * 200 V = -200 J.
Correct Answer: A — -200 J
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is 200 V and the electric field is uniform, what is the work done in moving a charge of 0.5 C to a point where the potential is 100 V?
A.
50 J
B.
100 J
C.
200 J
D.
0 J
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Solution
Work done W = q * (V1 - V2) = 0.5 C * (200 V - 100 V) = 50 J.
Correct Answer: B — 100 J
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is 200 V and the electric field is uniform, what is the work done in moving a charge of 0.5 C to that point?
A.
100 J
B.
200 J
C.
50 J
D.
0 J
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Solution
Work done W = q * V = 0.5 C * 200 V = 100 J.
Correct Answer: A — 100 J
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is 300 V and a charge of 3 C is placed at that point, what is the force acting on the charge?
A.
900 N
B.
300 N
C.
0 N
D.
None of the above
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Solution
The force on a charge in a static electric field is not determined by potential alone; it depends on the electric field, which is not given.
Correct Answer: C — 0 N
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is 300 V and the electric field is uniform, what is the work done in moving a charge of 3 μC to a point where the potential is 600 V?
A.
0.9 mJ
B.
0.6 mJ
C.
0.3 mJ
D.
1.2 mJ
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Solution
Work done W = q * ΔV = 3 × 10^-6 C * (600 V - 300 V) = 3 × 10^-6 * 300 = 0.9 mJ.
Correct Answer: A — 0.9 mJ
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is 50 V and the electric field strength is 5 N/C, what is the distance from the point to the reference point where the potential is zero?
A.
10 m
B.
5 m
C.
25 m
D.
50 m
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Solution
Distance d = V/E = 50 V / 5 N/C = 10 m.
Correct Answer: A — 10 m
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is increased from 5 V to 15 V, what is the change in potential energy of a charge of 3 C placed at that point?
A.
30 J
B.
15 J
C.
10 J
D.
5 J
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Solution
Change in potential energy ΔU = qΔV = 3 C × (15 V - 5 V) = 30 J.
Correct Answer: A — 30 J
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is increased, what happens to the electric field at that point?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Cannot be determined
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Solution
An increase in electric potential at a point generally indicates a stronger electric field, as the electric field is related to the rate of change of potential.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. If the electric potential at a point is increased, what happens to the work done by an external force on a positive charge moved to that point?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Cannot be determined
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Solution
If the electric potential increases, the work done by the external force must increase to move the positive charge against the electric field.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. If the electric potential at point A is 10 V and at point B is 5 V, what is the work done by the electric field in moving a charge from A to B?
A.
5 J
B.
10 J
C.
15 J
D.
0 J
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Solution
The work done (W) by the electric field is given by W = q(V_A - V_B). For a unit charge, W = 10 V - 5 V = 5 J.
Correct Answer: A — 5 J
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Q. If the electric potential at point A is 15 V and at point B is 5 V, what is the potential difference between A and B?
A.
10 V
B.
15 V
C.
5 V
D.
20 V
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Solution
Potential difference (V_AB) = V_A - V_B = 15 V - 5 V = 10 V.
Correct Answer: A — 10 V
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Q. If the electric potential at point A is 5 V and at point B is 15 V, what is the work done by the electric field in moving a charge of 2 C from A to B?
A.
-20 J
B.
20 J
C.
10 J
D.
30 J
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Solution
Work done W = Q(V_B - V_A) = 2 C * (15 V - 5 V) = 20 J.
Correct Answer: A — -20 J
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Q. If the electric potential at point A is 5 V and at point B is 15 V, what is the potential difference between A and B?
A.
-10 V
B.
10 V
C.
5 V
D.
15 V
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Solution
The potential difference V_AB = V_B - V_A = 15 V - 5 V = 10 V.
Correct Answer: A — -10 V
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Q. If the electric potential in a region is constant, what can be said about the electric field in that region?
A.
It is zero
B.
It is constant
C.
It varies linearly
D.
It is maximum
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Solution
If the electric potential is constant, the electric field in that region is zero, as E = -dV/dx.
Correct Answer: A — It is zero
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Q. If two point charges are brought closer together, what happens to the electric potential energy of the system?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
The electric potential energy increases as the charges are brought closer together if they are of the same sign.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. In a parallel plate capacitor, if the distance between the plates is doubled while keeping the charge constant, what happens to the electric potential?
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It remains the same
D.
It quadruples
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Solution
The electric potential V is directly proportional to the distance d between the plates, so if d is doubled, V also doubles.
Correct Answer: A — It doubles
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Q. In a uniform electric field, how does the electric potential change with distance?
A.
Linearly
B.
Quadratically
C.
Exponentially
D.
Remains constant
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Solution
In a uniform electric field, the electric potential changes linearly with distance.
Correct Answer: A — Linearly
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Q. In a uniform electric field, the potential difference between two points is directly proportional to what?
A.
Distance between the points
B.
Magnitude of the electric field
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
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Solution
The potential difference is directly proportional to both the distance between the points and the magnitude of the electric field.
Correct Answer: C — Both A and B
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Q. In a uniform electric field, the potential difference between two points is given by which of the following?
A.
E × d
B.
E/d
C.
d/E
D.
E + d
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Solution
In a uniform electric field, the potential difference (V) between two points separated by a distance (d) is given by V = E × d, where E is the electric field strength.
Correct Answer: A — E × d
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Q. In a uniform electric field, the potential difference between two points is given by which formula?
A.
V = Ed
B.
V = E/d
C.
V = d/E
D.
V = E × d
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Solution
In a uniform electric field, the potential difference (V) between two points is given by V = Ed, where d is the distance between the points.
Correct Answer: A — V = Ed
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Q. The work done in moving a charge from a point A to point B in an electric field is equal to the change in what?
A.
Electric potential energy
B.
Electric potential
C.
Electric field strength
D.
Charge
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Solution
The work done in moving a charge in an electric field is equal to the change in electric potential energy.
Correct Answer: A — Electric potential energy
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Q. Two point charges of +3 μC and -3 μC are placed 1 m apart. What is the electric potential at the midpoint?
A.
0 V
B.
9 × 10^9 V
C.
4.5 × 10^9 V
D.
None of the above
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Solution
The potentials due to both charges at the midpoint cancel each other, so V = 0 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0 V
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Q. Two point charges, +Q and -Q, are placed at a distance d apart. What is the electric potential at the midpoint between the charges?
A.
0
B.
kQ/d
C.
kQ/2d
D.
kQ/d²
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Solution
The electric potential at the midpoint is zero because the potentials due to +Q and -Q cancel each other out.
Correct Answer: A — 0
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Q. Two point charges, +Q and -Q, are placed at a distance d apart. What is the electric potential at the midpoint between them?
A.
0
B.
kQ/d
C.
kQ/2d
D.
kQ/4d
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Solution
At the midpoint, the potentials due to both charges cancel each other out, resulting in a net potential of 0 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0
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Q. What happens to the electric potential as you move away from a positive charge?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Becomes negative
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Solution
The electric potential decreases as you move away from a positive charge.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What happens to the electric potential energy of a charge when it moves against an electric field?
A.
It increases
B.
It decreases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
When a charge moves against an electric field, its electric potential energy increases.
Correct Answer: A — It increases
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Q. What happens to the electric potential energy of a system of charges when they are brought closer together?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Becomes zero
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Solution
The electric potential energy of a system of charges decreases when they are brought closer together, especially if they are of opposite signs.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What is the electric potential at a distance of 3 m from a charge of 10 μC?
A.
3000 V
B.
9000 V
C.
6000 V
D.
1000 V
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Solution
V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (10 × 10^-6 C) / (3 m) = 30000 V / 3 = 9000 V.
Correct Answer: B — 9000 V
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Q. What is the electric potential at a distance of 4 m from a charge of 8 μC? (2000)
A.
4500 V
B.
1800 V
C.
2000 V
D.
None of the above
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Solution
Electric potential V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (8 × 10^-6 C) / (4 m) = 1800 V.
Correct Answer: B — 1800 V
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