Q. What is the general formula for aldehydes? (2023)
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A.
C_nH_(2n)
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B.
C_nH_(2n+1)CHO
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C.
C_nH_(2n+2)
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D.
C_nH_(2n-1)CHO
Solution
The general formula for aldehydes is C_nH_(2n+1)CHO, where n is the number of carbon atoms.
Correct Answer: B — C_nH_(2n+1)CHO
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Q. What is the main product when an aldehyde is treated with sodium bisulfite? (2019)
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A.
Aldol
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B.
Bisulfite adduct
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C.
Hydrocarbon
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D.
Alcohol
Solution
The main product formed when an aldehyde reacts with sodium bisulfite is a bisulfite adduct.
Correct Answer: B — Bisulfite adduct
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Q. What is the main product when propan-2-one is treated with sodium borohydride? (2023)
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A.
Propan-1-ol
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B.
Propan-2-ol
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C.
Propan-3-ol
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D.
No reaction
Solution
Sodium borohydride reduces propan-2-one to propan-2-ol, which is a secondary alcohol.
Correct Answer: B — Propan-2-ol
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Q. What is the main product when propanal is treated with sodium bisulfite? (2019)
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A.
Sodium propanoate
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B.
Propyl sulfonate
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C.
Propane-1,2-diol
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D.
A bisulfite adduct
Solution
Propanal reacts with sodium bisulfite to form a bisulfite adduct, which is a characteristic reaction of aldehydes.
Correct Answer: D — A bisulfite adduct
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Q. What is the product of the oxidation of an aldehyde? (2023)
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A.
Alcohol
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B.
Carboxylic acid
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C.
Ketone
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D.
Alkane
Solution
The oxidation of an aldehyde results in the formation of a carboxylic acid.
Correct Answer: B — Carboxylic acid
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Q. Which of the following compounds can be oxidized to form a ketone? (2022)
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A.
2-Propanol
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B.
Ethanol
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C.
Methanol
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D.
Butanoic acid
Solution
2-Propanol can be oxidized to form acetone, which is a ketone.
Correct Answer: A — 2-Propanol
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Q. Which of the following is a method for the preparation of aldehydes? (2019)
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A.
Hydration of alkynes
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B.
Oxidation of primary alcohols
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C.
Reduction of carboxylic acids
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D.
Dehydrogenation of alcohols
Solution
Aldehydes can be prepared by the oxidation of primary alcohols.
Correct Answer: B — Oxidation of primary alcohols
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Q. Which of the following is a property of aldehydes? (2023)
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A.
They are generally more reactive than ketones
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B.
They do not undergo oxidation
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C.
They are less soluble in water than ketones
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D.
They have higher boiling points than alcohols
Solution
Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones due to the presence of the hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon.
Correct Answer: A — They are generally more reactive than ketones
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Q. Which of the following is a property of ketones? (2020)
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A.
More reactive than aldehydes
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B.
Less polar than aldehydes
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C.
Higher boiling points than aldehydes
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D.
None of the above
Solution
Ketones are generally less polar than aldehydes due to the absence of a hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon.
Correct Answer: B — Less polar than aldehydes
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Q. Which of the following is the correct structure for propan-2-one? (2020)
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A.
CH3COCH3
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B.
CH3CHO
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C.
C2H5CHO
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D.
C3H6O
Solution
Propan-2-one, also known as acetone, has the structure CH3COCH3, indicating it is a ketone.
Correct Answer: A — CH3COCH3
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Q. Which of the following reactions is characteristic of aldehydes? (2023)
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A.
Oxidation to carboxylic acids
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B.
Reduction to alcohols
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C.
Condensation with alcohols
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D.
All of the above
Solution
Aldehydes can undergo oxidation to form carboxylic acids, reduction to form alcohols, and condensation with alcohols to form hemiacetals.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding aldehydes? (2023)
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A.
They cannot form hydrogen bonds
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B.
They are generally more reactive than ketones
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C.
They have higher boiling points than ketones
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D.
They are less soluble in water than ketones
Solution
Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones due to the presence of the hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon.
Correct Answer: B — They are generally more reactive than ketones
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding the boiling points of aldehydes and ketones? (2023)
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A.
Aldehydes have higher boiling points than ketones
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B.
Ketones have higher boiling points than aldehydes
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C.
Both have the same boiling points
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D.
None of the above
Solution
Ketones generally have higher boiling points than aldehydes due to stronger dipole-dipole interactions.
Correct Answer: B — Ketones have higher boiling points than aldehydes
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