Q. In a food chain, which of the following is a primary consumer? (2019)
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A.
Grass
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B.
Rabbit
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C.
Fox
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D.
Eagle
Solution
A rabbit is a primary consumer as it feeds on plants (producers).
Correct Answer: B — Rabbit
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Q. In a food chain, which of the following is the correct order of energy flow? (2021)
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A.
Producer → Consumer → Decomposer
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B.
Consumer → Producer → Decomposer
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C.
Decomposer → Producer → Consumer
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D.
Producer → Decomposer → Consumer
Solution
The correct order of energy flow in a food chain is Producer → Consumer → Decomposer.
Correct Answer: A — Producer → Consumer → Decomposer
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Q. In an ecosystem, which of the following organisms is known as a primary producer? (2021)
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A.
Herbivores
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B.
Carnivores
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C.
Decomposers
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D.
Plants
Solution
Plants are primary producers as they convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Correct Answer: D — Plants
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Q. What is the main factor that determines the type of ecosystem in a particular area? (2019)
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A.
Soil type
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B.
Climate
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C.
Topography
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D.
Human activity
Solution
Climate is the main factor that determines the type of ecosystem, influencing temperature and precipitation patterns.
Correct Answer: B — Climate
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Q. What is the main function of decomposers in an ecosystem? (2020)
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A.
Produce energy
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B.
Consume primary producers
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C.
Recycle nutrients
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D.
Provide shelter
Solution
Decomposers recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter, returning essential nutrients to the soil.
Correct Answer: C — Recycle nutrients
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Q. What is the main function of producers in an ecosystem? (2019)
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A.
To consume other organisms
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B.
To decompose organic matter
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C.
To produce energy through photosynthesis
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D.
To compete for resources
Solution
Producers, such as plants, produce energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.
Correct Answer: C — To produce energy through photosynthesis
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Q. What is the primary factor that determines the type of ecosystem in a particular area? (2022)
-
A.
Soil type
-
B.
Climate
-
C.
Topography
-
D.
Human activity
Solution
Climate is the primary factor that determines the type of ecosystem in a particular area, influencing temperature and precipitation.
Correct Answer: B — Climate
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Q. What is the primary function of decomposers in an ecosystem? (2022)
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A.
Produce energy
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B.
Consume primary producers
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C.
Break down dead organic matter
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D.
Compete with herbivores
Solution
Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Correct Answer: C — Break down dead organic matter
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Q. What is the primary function of producers in an ecosystem? (2019)
-
A.
To consume other organisms
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B.
To decompose organic matter
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C.
To produce energy through photosynthesis
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D.
To compete for resources
Solution
Producers, such as plants, produce energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.
Correct Answer: C — To produce energy through photosynthesis
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Q. What is the primary process by which energy enters an ecosystem? (2022)
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A.
Respiration
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B.
Photosynthesis
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C.
Decomposition
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D.
Transpiration
Solution
Photosynthesis is the primary process by which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy by plants.
Correct Answer: B — Photosynthesis
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Q. What is the primary producer in a freshwater ecosystem? (2022)
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A.
Fish
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B.
Algae
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C.
Fungi
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D.
Bacteria
Solution
Algae are the primary producers in a freshwater ecosystem as they perform photosynthesis.
Correct Answer: B — Algae
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Q. What is the primary source of energy for an ecosystem? (2020)
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A.
Wind
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B.
Water
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C.
Sunlight
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D.
Soil
Solution
Sunlight is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems, as it drives photosynthesis in plants.
Correct Answer: C — Sunlight
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Q. What is the role of producers in an ecosystem? (2021)
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A.
They consume other organisms.
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B.
They decompose organic matter.
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C.
They convert solar energy into chemical energy.
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D.
They compete for resources.
Solution
Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.
Correct Answer: C — They convert solar energy into chemical energy.
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Q. What is the term for the maximum population size that an environment can sustain? (2020)
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A.
Carrying capacity
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B.
Population density
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C.
Biotic potential
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D.
Ecological footprint
Solution
Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that an environment can support sustainably.
Correct Answer: A — Carrying capacity
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Q. What term describes the role of an organism in its ecosystem? (2022)
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A.
Habitat
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B.
Niche
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C.
Biome
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D.
Community
Solution
Niche refers to the role and position a species has in its environment, including all interactions with biotic and abiotic factors.
Correct Answer: B — Niche
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Q. Which of the following best describes a food chain? (2023)
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A.
A complex network of feeding relationships
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B.
A linear sequence of organisms through which energy flows
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C.
The total number of organisms in an ecosystem
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D.
The variety of species in a habitat
Solution
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which energy flows, from producers to consumers.
Correct Answer: B — A linear sequence of organisms through which energy flows
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Q. Which of the following best describes a food web? (2023)
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A.
A linear sequence of energy transfer
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B.
A complex network of feeding relationships
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C.
A diagram showing only producers
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D.
A representation of energy loss
Solution
A food web is a complex network of feeding relationships that illustrates how different organisms are interconnected in an ecosystem.
Correct Answer: B — A complex network of feeding relationships
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Q. Which of the following best describes a trophic level? (2023)
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A.
A group of organisms that share the same habitat
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B.
A level in a food chain or food web
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C.
The total biomass of an ecosystem
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D.
The number of species in an ecosystem
Solution
A trophic level refers to the position an organism occupies in a food chain or food web, indicating its role in energy transfer.
Correct Answer: B — A level in a food chain or food web
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Q. Which of the following cycles involves the movement of water through the ecosystem? (2021)
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A.
Carbon cycle
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B.
Nitrogen cycle
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C.
Water cycle
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D.
Phosphorus cycle
Solution
The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere.
Correct Answer: C — Water cycle
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Q. Which of the following cycles is essential for the growth of plants? (2021)
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A.
Water cycle
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B.
Carbon cycle
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C.
Nitrogen cycle
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D.
All of the above
Solution
All of the above cycles (water, carbon, and nitrogen) are essential for the growth of plants.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest biodiversity? (2020)
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A.
Desert
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B.
Tundra
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C.
Tropical rainforest
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D.
Grassland
Solution
Tropical rainforests have the highest biodiversity among ecosystems due to their warm climate and abundant rainfall.
Correct Answer: C — Tropical rainforest
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Q. Which of the following ecosystems is characterized by high biodiversity? (2021)
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A.
Desert
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B.
Tundra
-
C.
Tropical rainforest
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D.
Grassland
Solution
Tropical rainforests are known for their high biodiversity due to favorable climatic conditions.
Correct Answer: C — Tropical rainforest
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Q. Which of the following is a biotic component of an ecosystem? (2021)
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A.
Soil
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B.
Water
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C.
Plants
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D.
Air
Solution
Plants are biotic components of an ecosystem, while soil, water, and air are abiotic components.
Correct Answer: C — Plants
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of a stable ecosystem? (2023)
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A.
High biodiversity
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B.
Low productivity
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C.
Limited interactions
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D.
Constant change
Solution
High biodiversity is a characteristic of a stable ecosystem, as it enhances resilience and stability.
Correct Answer: A — High biodiversity
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Q. Which of the following is an example of a decomposer? (2023)
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A.
Fungi
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B.
Grass
-
C.
Lion
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D.
Insect
Solution
Fungi are decomposers that break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil.
Correct Answer: A — Fungi
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Q. Which of the following is an example of a primary consumer? (2021)
-
A.
Grass
-
B.
Rabbit
-
C.
Fox
-
D.
Mushroom
Solution
A rabbit is an example of a primary consumer as it feeds on plants (producers).
Correct Answer: B — Rabbit
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Q. Which of the following is an example of a tertiary consumer? (2023)
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A.
Grass
-
B.
Rabbit
-
C.
Fox
-
D.
Eagle
Solution
An eagle is an example of a tertiary consumer as it feeds on secondary consumers like foxes.
Correct Answer: D — Eagle
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ecosystem? (2021)
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A.
Energy flow
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B.
Nutrient cycling
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C.
Static population
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D.
Biotic and abiotic interactions
Solution
Ecosystems are dynamic and characterized by changing populations, not static populations.
Correct Answer: C — Static population
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