Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes - Case Studies
Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C4H10?
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A.
Butane
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B.
Butene
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C.
Butyne
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D.
Cyclobutane
Solution
C4H10 is an alkane and is named butane, as it contains only single bonds.
Correct Answer: A — Butane
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Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?
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A.
2-methylbutane
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B.
3-methylbutane
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C.
2-pentene
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D.
1-butene
Solution
The longest chain has 4 carbons with a methyl group on the second carbon, making it 2-methylbutane.
Correct Answer: A — 2-methylbutane
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Q. What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2?
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A.
1-pentene
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B.
2-pentene
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C.
3-pentene
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D.
1-butene
Solution
The longest carbon chain contains 5 carbons with a double bond at the first carbon, making it 1-pentene.
Correct Answer: A — 1-pentene
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Q. What is the major product of the reaction between propene and bromine?
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A.
1-bromopropane
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B.
2-bromopropane
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C.
1,2-dibromopropane
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D.
No reaction
Solution
The reaction of propene with bromine results in the formation of 1,2-dibromopropane through an addition reaction.
Correct Answer: C — 1,2-dibromopropane
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Q. What is the product of the reaction between ethene and water in the presence of an acid catalyst?
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A.
Ethanol
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B.
Ethane
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C.
Ethylene glycol
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D.
Acetic acid
Solution
The reaction of ethene with water in the presence of an acid catalyst leads to the formation of ethanol through hydration.
Correct Answer: A — Ethanol
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Q. What type of reaction occurs when 1-pentene reacts with HBr?
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A.
Addition reaction
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B.
Elimination reaction
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C.
Substitution reaction
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D.
Redox reaction
Solution
The reaction of 1-pentene with HBr is an addition reaction, where HBr adds across the double bond.
Correct Answer: A — Addition reaction
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Q. What type of reaction occurs when an alkene reacts with bromine?
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A.
Hydrolysis
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B.
Halogenation
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C.
Dehydrogenation
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D.
Hydrogenation
Solution
The reaction of an alkene with bromine is a halogenation reaction, where bromine adds across the double bond.
Correct Answer: B — Halogenation
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Q. Which functional group is present in alkenes?
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A.
Hydroxyl
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B.
Carbonyl
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C.
Alkene
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D.
Alkyne
Solution
Alkenes are characterized by the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond, which is the alkene functional group.
Correct Answer: C — Alkene
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Q. Which of the following compounds is a cyclic alkene?
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A.
Cyclopentene
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B.
1-hexene
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C.
2-butyne
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D.
Cyclohexane
Solution
Cyclopentene is a cyclic compound that contains a double bond, making it a cyclic alkene.
Correct Answer: A — Cyclopentene
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Q. Which of the following is the correct mechanism for the hydrogenation of an alkene?
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A.
Electrophilic addition
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B.
Nucleophilic substitution
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C.
Radical polymerization
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D.
Elimination reaction
Solution
The hydrogenation of an alkene involves the addition of hydrogen across the double bond, which is an electrophilic addition mechanism.
Correct Answer: A — Electrophilic addition
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Q. Which of the following is the correct structure for 1-heptyne?
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A.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-C≡C-H
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B.
CH3-CH2-CH2-C≡C-CH3
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C.
CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
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D.
None of the above
Solution
1-heptyne has a triple bond between the first and second carbons, represented as CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-C≡C-H.
Correct Answer: A — CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-C≡C-H
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Q. Which of the following is the correct structure for 3-methyl-1-butyne?
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A.
CH3-CH2-C≡C-CH3
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B.
CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH3
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C.
CH3-CH-C≡C-CH3
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D.
CH3-CH2-CH-C≡C-H
Solution
3-methyl-1-butyne has a triple bond at the first carbon and a methyl group on the third carbon.
Correct Answer: B — CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH3
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