Q. In an AC circuit, if the current lags the voltage by 30 degrees, what is the power factor? (2023)
-
A.
0.866
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B.
0.5
-
C.
1
-
D.
0.707
Solution
The power factor (PF) is given by cos(θ). If θ = 30 degrees, PF = cos(30°) = √3/2 ≈ 0.866.
Correct Answer: A — 0.866
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Q. In an AC circuit, if the power factor is 0.5, what is the angle φ between the voltage and current? (2019)
-
A.
30 degrees
-
B.
60 degrees
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C.
90 degrees
-
D.
45 degrees
Solution
The power factor (cosφ) is 0.5, which corresponds to an angle φ of 60 degrees.
Correct Answer: B — 60 degrees
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Q. In an AC circuit, if the voltage is given by V(t) = V0 sin(ωt), what is the expression for the current if the circuit is purely inductive? (2023)
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A.
I(t) = I0 sin(ωt)
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B.
I(t) = I0 sin(ωt - π/2)
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C.
I(t) = I0 cos(ωt)
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D.
I(t) = I0 cos(ωt + π/2)
Solution
In a purely inductive circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees (π/2 radians). Therefore, I(t) = I0 sin(ωt - π/2).
Correct Answer: B — I(t) = I0 sin(ωt - π/2)
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Q. In an AC circuit, if the voltage is given by V(t) = V_0 sin(ωt), what is the expression for the current if the circuit is purely inductive? (2023)
-
A.
I(t) = I_0 sin(ωt)
-
B.
I(t) = I_0 sin(ωt - π/2)
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C.
I(t) = I_0 cos(ωt)
-
D.
I(t) = I_0 cos(ωt + π/2)
Solution
In a purely inductive circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees (or π/2 radians). Therefore, I(t) = I_0 sin(ωt - π/2).
Correct Answer: B — I(t) = I_0 sin(ωt - π/2)
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Q. In an AC circuit, if the voltage is given by V(t) = V₀ sin(ωt), what is the expression for the current through a capacitor? (2022)
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A.
I(t) = C dV/dt
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B.
I(t) = V₀ sin(ωt)
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C.
I(t) = V₀ cos(ωt)
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D.
I(t) = V₀ sin(ωt)/R
Solution
The current through a capacitor is given by I(t) = C dV/dt. For V(t) = V₀ sin(ωt), the current can be derived from this expression.
Correct Answer: A — I(t) = C dV/dt
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Q. In an AC circuit, the average power consumed is given by which formula? (2022)
-
A.
P = VI
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B.
P = VI cos(φ)
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C.
P = V²/R
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D.
P = I²R
Solution
The average power (P) consumed in an AC circuit is given by P = VI cos(φ), where φ is the phase angle between voltage and current.
Correct Answer: B — P = VI cos(φ)
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Q. In an AC circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by 90 degrees in which component? (2020)
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A.
Resistor
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B.
Capacitor
-
C.
Inductor
-
D.
Transformer
Solution
In an inductor, the current lags behind the voltage by 90 degrees.
Correct Answer: C — Inductor
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Q. In an AC circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by 90 degrees in which type of circuit? (2020)
-
A.
Resistive
-
B.
Inductive
-
C.
Capacitive
-
D.
RLC
Solution
In an inductive circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by 90 degrees.
Correct Answer: B — Inductive
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Q. In an AC circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees in which of the following components? (2020)
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A.
Resistor
-
B.
Capacitor
-
C.
Inductor
-
D.
Transformer
Solution
In an inductor, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees.
Correct Answer: C — Inductor
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Q. In an AC circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees in which type of circuit? (2020)
-
A.
Resistive
-
B.
Capacitive
-
C.
Inductive
-
D.
RLC
Solution
In an inductive circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees.
Correct Answer: C — Inductive
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Q. In an AC circuit, what is the phase difference between voltage and current in a purely inductive circuit? (2021)
-
A.
0 degrees
-
B.
90 degrees
-
C.
180 degrees
-
D.
270 degrees
Solution
In a purely inductive AC circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees.
Correct Answer: B — 90 degrees
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Q. In an AC circuit, what is the relationship between the average power and the RMS voltage? (2023)
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A.
P = V_rms²/R
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B.
P = V_peak²/R
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C.
P = V_rms/R
-
D.
P = V_peak/R
Solution
The average power (P) in an AC circuit is given by P = V_rms²/R, where R is the resistance.
Correct Answer: A — P = V_rms²/R
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Q. In an AC circuit, what is the unit of reactance? (2019)
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A.
Ohm
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B.
Farad
-
C.
Henry
-
D.
Volt
Solution
Reactance is measured in Ohms, just like resistance.
Correct Answer: A — Ohm
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Q. In an ecosystem, which of the following organisms is known as a primary producer? (2021)
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A.
Herbivores
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B.
Carnivores
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C.
Decomposers
-
D.
Plants
Solution
Plants are primary producers as they convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Correct Answer: D — Plants
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Q. In an electrochemical cell, the anode is where: (2019)
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A.
Oxidation occurs
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B.
Reduction occurs
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C.
Electrons are gained
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D.
Ions are produced
Solution
In an electrochemical cell, oxidation occurs at the anode.
Correct Answer: A — Oxidation occurs
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Q. In an RLC circuit, what does the term 'resonance' refer to? (2019)
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A.
Maximum current at a specific frequency
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B.
Minimum current at any frequency
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C.
Constant voltage
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D.
Zero inductance
Solution
Resonance in an RLC circuit occurs when the inductive reactance equals the capacitive reactance, resulting in maximum current at a specific frequency.
Correct Answer: A — Maximum current at a specific frequency
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Q. In an RLC circuit, what happens to the impedance at resonance? (2023)
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A.
Minimum
-
B.
Maximum
-
C.
Zero
-
D.
Infinite
Solution
At resonance, the impedance in an RLC circuit is at a minimum.
Correct Answer: A — Minimum
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Q. In an RLC series circuit, what happens to the impedance at resonance? (2020)
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A.
It is minimum
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B.
It is maximum
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C.
It is zero
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D.
It is equal to resistance
Solution
At resonance in an RLC series circuit, the impedance is equal to the resistance.
Correct Answer: D — It is equal to resistance
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Q. In ecological succession, what is the term for the first species to colonize a barren environment? (2022)
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A.
Pioneer species
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B.
Climax community
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C.
Keystone species
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D.
Invasive species
Solution
Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize previously uninhabited or disturbed environments.
Correct Answer: A — Pioneer species
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Q. In electrolysis, the process of oxidation occurs at which electrode? (2019)
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A.
Anode
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B.
Cathode
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C.
Both electrodes
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D.
None of the above
Solution
In electrolysis, oxidation occurs at the anode.
Correct Answer: A — Anode
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Q. In flowering plants, the male gamete is produced in which part? (2021)
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A.
Ovary
-
B.
Anther
-
C.
Stigma
-
D.
Style
Solution
The male gamete is produced in the anther, which is part of the stamen in flowering plants.
Correct Answer: B — Anther
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Q. In flowering plants, the male gametes are produced in which part? (2022)
-
A.
Ovary
-
B.
Stigma
-
C.
Anther
-
D.
Style
Solution
The male gametes are produced in the anther, which is part of the stamen in flowering plants.
Correct Answer: C — Anther
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Q. In flowering plants, the ovary develops into which part after fertilization? (2023)
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A.
Seed
-
B.
Fruit
-
C.
Flower
-
D.
Leaf
Solution
After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit, which contains the seeds.
Correct Answer: B — Fruit
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Q. In flowering plants, the ovary develops into which structure after fertilization? (2023)
-
A.
Seed
-
B.
Fruit
-
C.
Flower
-
D.
Leaf
Solution
After fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit, which contains the seeds.
Correct Answer: B — Fruit
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Q. In flowering plants, the process of fusion of male and female gametes is known as? (2019)
-
A.
Pollination
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B.
Fertilization
-
C.
Germination
-
D.
Seed dispersal
Solution
Fertilization is the process where the male gamete (pollen) fuses with the female gamete (ovule) to form a zygote.
Correct Answer: B — Fertilization
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Q. In flowering plants, the process of pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the anther to the: (2021)
-
A.
Ovary
-
B.
Style
-
C.
Stigma
-
D.
Sepal
Solution
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower, which is essential for fertilization.
Correct Answer: C — Stigma
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Q. In flowering plants, the process of pollination involves the transfer of pollen from the ____ to the ____. (2019)
-
A.
Ovary, Stigma
-
B.
Anther, Stigma
-
C.
Stigma, Ovary
-
D.
Filament, Anther
Solution
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther (male part) to the stigma (female part) of a flower.
Correct Answer: B — Anther, Stigma
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Q. In fluid mechanics, what does the term 'streamline' refer to? (2020)
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A.
Path of a fluid particle
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B.
Layer of fluid
-
C.
Viscous flow
-
D.
Turbulent flow
Solution
A streamline refers to the path followed by a fluid particle in a steady flow.
Correct Answer: A — Path of a fluid particle
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Q. In humans, the allele for brown eyes (B) is dominant over the allele for blue eyes (b). What is the genotype of a person with blue eyes? (2019)
Solution
A person with blue eyes must have the genotype bb, as blue is recessive.
Correct Answer: C — bb
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Q. In measurements, what does precision refer to? (2022)
-
A.
Closeness to the true value
-
B.
Consistency of repeated measurements
-
C.
Range of values
-
D.
Average of measurements
Solution
Precision refers to the consistency of repeated measurements, regardless of their accuracy.
Correct Answer: B — Consistency of repeated measurements
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