Lactic acid is produced during the fermentation of lactose in sour milk, giving it a sour taste.

Adipic acid is used in the production of nylon, specifically nylon-6,6.

The G1 checkpoint assesses the cell's size and DNA integrity before it enters the S phase for replication.

Reptiles are characterized by having scales and typically lay eggs on land.

Reptiles are characterized by the presence of scales, which help in protection and water retention.

Reptiles typically have a three-chambered heart, except for crocodilians which have a four-chambered heart.

Reptiles (Reptilia) are known for having scales and typically lay eggs on land, adapting to terrestrial life.

Class Aves (birds) are warm-blooded, maintaining a constant body temperature.

Class Aves is characterized by the presence of feathers, which are unique to birds.

White blood cells, or leukocytes, are the key players in the immune response, helping to defend the body against infections.

White blood cells (leukocytes) are responsible for the immune response, helping to fight infections and foreign substances.

Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar, giving it its characteristic sour taste.

Blood is a connective tissue that is responsible for the transport of nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body.

Adipose tissue stores fat in the body.

Blood is a connective tissue that transports nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body.

Tubal ligation is a surgical procedure that permanently prevents pregnancy by blocking the fallopian tubes.

A diode is used to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) by allowing current to flow in one direction.

Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C, leading to symptoms like bleeding gums and weakness.

Uranium-235 is commonly used as fuel in nuclear reactors due to its ability to sustain a chain reaction.

Restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA at specific sequences, which is essential for DNA cloning.

Restriction endonucleases are used to cut DNA at specific sequences, facilitating gene cloning.

Citrate synthase is an enzyme involved in the Krebs cycle, catalyzing the first step of the cycle.

Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars in the mouth.

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during the process of replication.

Trypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that helps in the digestion of proteins in the small intestine.

Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the pancreas that digests proteins in the small intestine.

The strong nuclear force is responsible for holding the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.

The strong nuclear force is responsible for holding the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.

Helium behaves most like an ideal gas under standard conditions due to its low intermolecular forces and small size.

Helium behaves most like an ideal gas because it is a monoatomic gas with weak intermolecular forces.