Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single bonds.

The ability to respond to stimuli is a characteristic of all living organisms, allowing them to interact with their environment.

Alpha particles consist of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, making them a helium nucleus.

Amorphous solids have short-range order but lack long-range order.

An endothermic reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings.

An exothermic reaction releases heat to the surroundings.

An ideal fluid is defined as incompressible and having no viscosity.

An ideal gas is characterized by elastic collisions between gas particles.

Aromatic compounds follow Huckel's rule, which states that they must have (4n + 2) π electrons in a cyclic, planar structure.

Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring from a single parent.

Bases feel slippery and can turn litmus paper blue.

In beta decay, a neutron is converted into a proton, resulting in an increase in atomic number by one.

Brittle materials fracture without significant deformation.

Carbohydrates are generally hydrophilic, meaning they are soluble in water.

Cellulose is composed of glucose units linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds and is not soluble in water.

Chemisorption is characterized by its specificity to adsorbate due to the formation of chemical bonds.

Cis-trans isomers have the same connectivity but differ in the spatial arrangement of groups around a double bond.

Cycloalkanes have a ring structure and can be saturated or unsaturated.

Digital communication systems allow for easier encryption and security measures compared to analog systems.

Digital signals are discrete in nature, representing data in binary form, which makes them less susceptible to noise compared to analog signals.

Elastomers are known for their elastic properties, allowing them to stretch and return to their original shape.

Enzymes are highly specific to their substrates, allowing them to catalyze specific biochemical reactions.

Essential oils are volatile compounds that are often used for their aromatic properties and therapeutic benefits.

Fibrous proteins are typically insoluble in water and serve structural roles in cells and tissues.

Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation with high penetrating power and no mass or charge.

Gases are highly compressible, meaning their volume can change significantly under pressure.

Geometric isomers have the same connectivity of atoms but differ in their spatial arrangement.

Gibberellins promote flowering and are also involved in seed germination and stem elongation.

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen.

Hydrogen bonds occur between hydrogen and highly electronegative atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.