Chemistry Syllabus (JEE Main)
Q. What is the standard electrode potential of the hydrogen electrode?
A.
0.00 V
B.
0.34 V
C.
1.23 V
D.
0.76 V
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Solution
The standard electrode potential of the hydrogen electrode is defined as 0.00 V.
Correct Answer: A — 0.00 V
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change for the formation of a compound?
A.
ΔHf
B.
ΔHc
C.
ΔHrxn
D.
ΔHsol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change for the formation of a compound is denoted as ΔHf.
Correct Answer: A — ΔHf
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change for the formation of an element in its standard state?
A.
Zero
B.
Positive
C.
Negative
D.
Depends on the element
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change for the formation of an element in its standard state is defined as zero.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change for the formation of water from its elements?
A.
-285.83 kJ/mol
B.
-241.82 kJ/mol
C.
-393.5 kJ/mol
D.
-572.4 kJ/mol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change for the formation of water (H2 + 1/2 O2 -> H2O) is -285.83 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: A — -285.83 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change for the reaction 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O if the enthalpy of formation of H2O is -285.8 kJ/mol?
A.
-571.6 kJ
B.
-285.8 kJ
C.
0 kJ
D.
285.8 kJ
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Solution
ΔH = 2 * (-285.8 kJ) = -571.6 kJ
Correct Answer: A — -571.6 kJ
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change for the reaction 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)?
A.
-285.83 kJ/mol
B.
-241.82 kJ/mol
C.
-572.4 kJ/mol
D.
-1000 kJ/mol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy of formation of water is -241.82 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: B — -241.82 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change for the reaction: C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) if ΔHf° for CO2 is -393.5 kJ/mol?
A.
-393.5 kJ
B.
0 kJ
C.
393.5 kJ
D.
None of the above
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change is equal to the enthalpy of formation of CO2, which is -393.5 kJ.
Correct Answer: A — -393.5 kJ
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change of formation for a substance?
A.
The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states.
B.
The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is completely burned in oxygen.
C.
The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is dissolved in water.
D.
The enthalpy change when one mole of a gas is compressed to a smaller volume.
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change of formation is defined as the enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states.
Correct Answer: A — The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states.
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change of formation for an element in its standard state?
A.
0 kJ/mol
B.
100 kJ/mol
C.
298 kJ/mol
D.
1 kJ/mol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change of formation for an element in its standard state is defined as 0 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: A — 0 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change of formation for elements in their standard state?
A.
0 kJ/mol
B.
100 kJ/mol
C.
298 kJ/mol
D.
1 kJ/mol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change of formation for elements in their standard state is defined as zero.
Correct Answer: A — 0 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy change of formation for water (H2O) at 25°C?
A.
-285.83 kJ/mol
B.
-241.82 kJ/mol
C.
-393.5 kJ/mol
D.
-241.0 kJ/mol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy change of formation for water at 25°C is -241.82 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: B — -241.82 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy of formation for an element in its standard state?
A.
0 kJ/mol
B.
100 kJ/mol
C.
298 kJ/mol
D.
1 kJ/mol
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Solution
The standard enthalpy of formation for an element in its standard state is defined as 0 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: A — 0 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard enthalpy of formation for elements in their standard state?
A.
0 kJ/mol
B.
1 kJ/mol
C.
100 kJ/mol
D.
Not defined
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Solution
The standard enthalpy of formation for elements in their standard state is defined as 0 kJ/mol.
Correct Answer: A — 0 kJ/mol
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Q. What is the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for the reaction: 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g)?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Zero
D.
Cannot be determined
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Solution
The reaction decreases the number of gas molecules from 3 to 2, leading to a decrease in disorder and thus a negative ΔS°.
Correct Answer: B — Negative
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Q. What is the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for the reaction: 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Zero
D.
Cannot be determined
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Solution
The reaction results in a decrease in the number of gas molecules (from 3 to 2), leading to a negative change in entropy.
Correct Answer: B — Negative
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Q. What is the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for the reaction: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Cannot be determined
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Solution
The reaction decreases the number of gas molecules from 3 to 2, leading to a decrease in entropy.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. What is the standard Gibbs Free Energy change (ΔG°) for a reaction at standard conditions?
A.
Always zero
B.
Depends on the reaction
C.
Is a constant value
D.
Is always positive
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Solution
ΔG° depends on the specific reaction and its conditions.
Correct Answer: B — Depends on the reaction
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Q. What is the standard molar entropy of a substance?
A.
Entropy at 0 K
B.
Entropy at 25 °C and 1 atm
C.
Entropy at boiling point
D.
Entropy at melting point
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Solution
Standard molar entropy is defined as the entropy of 1 mole of a substance at 25 °C and 1 atm pressure.
Correct Answer: B — Entropy at 25 °C and 1 atm
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Q. What is the standard state of a substance?
A.
The most stable form at 1 atm and 25°C
B.
Any form of the substance
C.
The gaseous form only
D.
The liquid form only
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Solution
The standard state of a substance is defined as its most stable form at 1 atm pressure and 25°C.
Correct Answer: A — The most stable form at 1 atm and 25°C
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Q. What is the structural formula for 2-methylpropane?
A.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3
B.
CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
C.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
D.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH2)-CH3
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Solution
The structural formula for 2-methylpropane is CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3.
Correct Answer: B — CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
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Q. What is the structural formula for hexane?
A.
C6H14
B.
C5H12
C.
C4H10
D.
C3H8
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Solution
The structural formula for hexane is C6H14.
Correct Answer: A — C6H14
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Q. What is the structural formula of 2-methylpropane?
A.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3
B.
CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
C.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
D.
CH3-CH2-CH(CH2)-CH3
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Solution
The structural formula of 2-methylpropane is CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3.
Correct Answer: B — CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3
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Q. What is the structural formula of propane?
A.
C3H8
B.
C2H6
C.
C4H10
D.
C5H12
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Solution
The structural formula of propane is C3H8, indicating three carbon atoms.
Correct Answer: A — C3H8
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Q. What is the structure of DNA?
A.
Single-stranded
B.
Double helix
C.
Triple helix
D.
Linear
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Solution
DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that coil around each other.
Correct Answer: B — Double helix
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Q. What is the term for the accumulation of harmful substances in the food chain?
A.
Biomagnification
B.
Bioaccumulation
C.
Eutrophication
D.
Sustainability
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Solution
Biomagnification refers to the increasing concentration of harmful substances in organisms at each trophic level of the food chain.
Correct Answer: A — Biomagnification
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Q. What is the term for the change of state from gas to liquid?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Condensation
C.
Evaporation
D.
Freezing
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Solution
Condensation is the process where gas turns into liquid as it loses energy.
Correct Answer: B — Condensation
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Q. What is the term for the change of state from liquid to gas?
A.
Condensation
B.
Evaporation
C.
Sublimation
D.
Freezing
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Solution
Evaporation is the process of changing from liquid to gas.
Correct Answer: B — Evaporation
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Q. What is the term for the change of state from solid to gas?
A.
Sublimation
B.
Deposition
C.
Evaporation
D.
Condensation
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Solution
Sublimation is the process where a solid changes directly into a gas.
Correct Answer: A — Sublimation
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Q. What is the term for the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid?
A.
Viscosity
B.
Surface tension
C.
Cohesion
D.
Adhesion
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Solution
Surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid.
Correct Answer: B — Surface tension
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Q. What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities?
A.
Global warming
B.
Ozone depletion
C.
Acidification
D.
Eutrophication
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Solution
Global warming refers to the gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases.
Correct Answer: A — Global warming
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