Q. If a quadratic equation has roots 2 and -3, what is the equation in standard form?
A.
x^2 + x - 6 = 0
B.
x^2 - x - 6 = 0
C.
x^2 - x + 6 = 0
D.
x^2 + 5x - 6 = 0
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Solution
The equation can be formed as (x - 2)(x + 3) = 0, which expands to x^2 + x - 6 = 0.
Correct Answer: A — x^2 + x - 6 = 0
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Q. If a ray of light passes from air into a medium with a refractive index of 2, what is the angle of refraction if the angle of incidence is 30°?
A.
15°
B.
30°
C.
45°
D.
60°
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Solution
Using Snell's law: n1 * sin(θ1) = n2 * sin(θ2). 1 * sin(30°) = 2 * sin(θ2) => sin(θ2) = 0.25 => θ2 = 15°.
Correct Answer: C — 45°
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Q. If a ray of light passes through the optical center of a lens, what happens to the ray?
A.
It bends towards the normal.
B.
It bends away from the normal.
C.
It continues in a straight line.
D.
It converges to a point.
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Solution
A ray of light passing through the optical center of a lens continues in a straight line without bending.
Correct Answer: C — It continues in a straight line.
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Q. If a reaction has a ΔG of +5 kJ/mol, what can be inferred?
A.
The reaction is spontaneous
B.
The reaction is non-spontaneous
C.
The reaction is at equilibrium
D.
The reaction is exothermic
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Solution
A ΔG of +5 kJ/mol indicates that the reaction is non-spontaneous.
Correct Answer: B — The reaction is non-spontaneous
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Q. If a reaction has ΔH = 100 kJ and ΔS = -200 J/K, what is ΔG at 298 K?
A.
0 kJ
B.
100 kJ
C.
200 kJ
D.
300 kJ
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Solution
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS = 100 kJ - 298 K * (-0.2 kJ/K) = 100 kJ + 59.6 kJ = 159.6 kJ.
Correct Answer: D — 300 kJ
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Q. If a resistor has a resistance of 5 ohms and a current of 2 amperes flows through it, what is the voltage across the resistor?
A.
10 V
B.
5 V
C.
2.5 V
D.
1 V
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Solution
Using Ohm's Law, V = I * R = 2 A * 5 Ω = 10 V.
Correct Answer: A — 10 V
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Q. If a resistor is connected to a 9V battery and the current flowing through it is 3A, what is the resistance of the resistor?
A.
1 Ω
B.
3 Ω
C.
9 Ω
D.
27 Ω
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Solution
Using Ohm's Law, R = V / I = 9 V / 3 A = 3 Ω.
Correct Answer: C — 9 Ω
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Q. If a rolling object has a mass m and radius R, what is the expression for its rotational kinetic energy?
A.
(1/2)Iω^2
B.
(1/2)mv^2
C.
(1/2)mv^2/R^2
D.
(1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)Iω^2
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Solution
The rotational kinetic energy is given by (1/2)Iω^2, where I is the moment of inertia.
Correct Answer: A — (1/2)Iω^2
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Q. If a rolling object has a mass m and radius r, what is the expression for its total kinetic energy?
A.
(1/2)mv^2
B.
(1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)Iω^2
C.
(1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)mr^2ω^2
D.
(1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)(2/5)mr^2(ω^2)
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Solution
The total kinetic energy of a rolling object is the sum of translational and rotational kinetic energy, which can be expressed as (1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)(2/5)mr^2(ω^2).
Correct Answer: D — (1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)(2/5)mr^2(ω^2)
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Q. If a rolling object has a radius of R and rolls with a speed v, what is its kinetic energy?
A.
(1/2)mv^2
B.
(1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)Iω^2
C.
(1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)(1/2)mR^2(v/R)^2
D.
None of the above
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Solution
The total kinetic energy of a rolling object is the sum of translational and rotational kinetic energy, which simplifies to (1/2)mv^2 + (1/4)mv^2 = (3/4)mv^2.
Correct Answer: C — (1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)(1/2)mR^2(v/R)^2
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Q. If a rolling object has a radius R and rolls with an angular velocity ω, what is its linear velocity?
A.
Rω
B.
2Rω
C.
R/2ω
D.
3Rω
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Solution
The linear velocity v of a rolling object is given by v = Rω.
Correct Answer: A — Rω
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Q. If a rolling object has a translational speed of v and a rotational speed of ω, what is the relationship between them for rolling without slipping?
A.
v = ωR
B.
v = 2ωR
C.
v = ω/R
D.
v = R/ω
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Solution
For rolling without slipping, the relationship is v = ωR, where v is the translational speed and ω is the angular speed.
Correct Answer: A — v = ωR
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Q. If a rotating body has an angular momentum of L and its moment of inertia is I, what is the angular velocity ω of the body?
A.
L/I
B.
I/L
C.
L^2/I
D.
I^2/L
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Solution
Angular momentum L = Iω, thus ω = L/I.
Correct Answer: A — L/I
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Q. If a rotating object has a moment of inertia of 4 kg·m² and is spinning with an angular velocity of 3 rad/s, what is its angular momentum?
A.
12 kg·m²/s
B.
4 kg·m²/s
C.
1 kg·m²/s
D.
7 kg·m²/s
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Solution
Angular momentum L = Iω = 4 kg·m² * 3 rad/s = 12 kg·m²/s.
Correct Answer: A — 12 kg·m²/s
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Q. If a rotating object has a moment of inertia of 5 kg·m² and is rotating with an angular velocity of 3 rad/s, what is its angular momentum?
A.
15 kg·m²/s
B.
5 kg·m²/s
C.
8 kg·m²/s
D.
10 kg·m²/s
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Solution
Angular momentum L is given by L = Iω. Thus, L = 5 kg·m² * 3 rad/s = 15 kg·m²/s.
Correct Answer: A — 15 kg·m²/s
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Q. If a rotating object has a moment of inertia of 5 kg·m² and is spinning with an angular velocity of 3 rad/s, what is its angular momentum?
A.
15 kg·m²/s
B.
5 kg·m²/s
C.
8 kg·m²/s
D.
10 kg·m²/s
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Solution
Angular momentum L = Iω = 5 kg·m² * 3 rad/s = 15 kg·m²/s.
Correct Answer: A — 15 kg·m²/s
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Q. If a rotating object has a moment of inertia of I and is rotating with an angular velocity ω, what is its rotational kinetic energy?
A.
1/2 Iω
B.
1/2 Iω^2
C.
Iω^2
D.
Iω
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Solution
The rotational kinetic energy is given by KE = 1/2 Iω^2.
Correct Answer: B — 1/2 Iω^2
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Q. If a satellite is in a geostationary orbit, what is its orbital period?
A.
24 hours
B.
12 hours
C.
6 hours
D.
1 hour
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Solution
A geostationary satellite has an orbital period equal to the Earth's rotation period, which is 24 hours.
Correct Answer: A — 24 hours
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Q. If a satellite is in a stable orbit, what can be said about the net force acting on it?
A.
It is zero
B.
It is equal to the gravitational force
C.
It is equal to the centripetal force
D.
It is equal to the sum of gravitational and centripetal forces
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Solution
In a stable orbit, the net force acting on the satellite is zero because the gravitational force provides the necessary centripetal force.
Correct Answer: A — It is zero
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Q. If a satellite is launched into a higher orbit, how does its potential energy change compared to its initial orbit?
A.
It decreases
B.
It remains the same
C.
It increases
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
The potential energy of a satellite increases when it is moved to a higher orbit due to the increase in distance from the Earth's center.
Correct Answer: C — It increases
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Q. If a satellite is moved to a higher orbit, what happens to its orbital period?
A.
It decreases.
B.
It increases.
C.
It remains the same.
D.
It becomes zero.
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Solution
The orbital period of a satellite increases when it is moved to a higher orbit, according to Kepler's third law.
Correct Answer: B — It increases.
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Q. If a satellite is moving in a circular orbit, what is the relationship between its centripetal acceleration and gravitational acceleration?
A.
Centripetal = Gravitational
B.
Centripetal > Gravitational
C.
Centripetal < Gravitational
D.
No relationship
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Solution
For a satellite in a stable circular orbit, the centripetal acceleration is equal to the gravitational acceleration.
Correct Answer: A — Centripetal = Gravitational
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Q. If a satellite is moving in a circular orbit, what type of energy does it possess?
A.
Only kinetic energy
B.
Only potential energy
C.
Both kinetic and potential energy
D.
Neither kinetic nor potential energy
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Solution
A satellite in a circular orbit possesses both kinetic energy due to its motion and potential energy due to its position in the gravitational field.
Correct Answer: C — Both kinetic and potential energy
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Q. If a satellite's altitude is doubled, how does its orbital speed change?
A.
Increases by √2
B.
Decreases by √2
C.
Remains the same
D.
Increases by 2
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Solution
If a satellite's altitude is doubled, its orbital speed decreases by √2.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases by √2
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Q. If a satellite's altitude is increased, what happens to its orbital period?
A.
It decreases
B.
It increases
C.
It remains constant
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
As the altitude increases, the orbital period increases due to the greater distance from the Earth's center.
Correct Answer: B — It increases
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Q. If a satellite's speed is greater than the escape velocity, what will happen?
A.
It will enter a stable orbit
B.
It will escape Earth's gravitational pull
C.
It will crash into the Earth
D.
It will remain in a circular orbit
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Solution
If a satellite's speed exceeds the escape velocity, it will escape Earth's gravitational pull and move away into space.
Correct Answer: B — It will escape Earth's gravitational pull
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Q. If a satellite's speed is less than the required orbital speed, what will happen?
A.
It will remain in orbit.
B.
It will fall back to Earth.
C.
It will escape into space.
D.
It will move to a higher orbit.
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Solution
If a satellite's speed is less than the required orbital speed, it will not have enough centripetal force to maintain its orbit and will fall back to Earth.
Correct Answer: B — It will fall back to Earth.
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Q. If a sequence is defined by a_n = 2n + 3, what is a_5?
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Solution
a_5 = 2(5) + 3 = 13.
Correct Answer: C — 13
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Q. If a simple harmonic oscillator has a frequency of 1 Hz, what is the time period?
A.
0.5 s
B.
1 s
C.
2 s
D.
4 s
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Solution
Time period (T) is the reciprocal of frequency (f). T = 1/f = 1/1 = 1 s.
Correct Answer: B — 1 s
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Q. If a simple harmonic oscillator has a maximum displacement of 5 cm, what is the amplitude?
A.
2.5 cm
B.
5 cm
C.
10 cm
D.
0 cm
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Solution
The amplitude of a simple harmonic oscillator is defined as the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position, which is 5 cm in this case.
Correct Answer: B — 5 cm
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