Q. If the first term of a harmonic progression is 5 and the common difference of the corresponding arithmetic progression is 2, what is the second term?
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Solution
The first term in the arithmetic progression is 1/5, and the common difference is 2. Therefore, the second term in the harmonic progression is 1/(1/5 + 2) = 1/(2.2) = 5/11.
Correct Answer: D — 6
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Q. If the first term of a harmonic progression is 5 and the second term is 10, what is the fourth term?
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Solution
The reciprocals are 1/5 and 1/10. The common difference is -1/10. The fourth term's reciprocal will be 1/10 - 1/10 = 1/25, hence the fourth term is 25.
Correct Answer: C — 25
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Q. If the first term of a harmonic progression is 5 and the second term is 10, what is the third term?
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Solution
The reciprocals are 1/5 and 1/10. The common difference is -1/10. The third term's reciprocal will be 1/10 - 1/10 = 1/15, so the third term is 15.
Correct Answer: C — 25
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Q. If the first term of an arithmetic progression is 12 and the last term is 48, with a total of 10 terms, what is the common difference?
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Solution
The last term can be expressed as a + (n-1)d. Here, 48 = 12 + 9d. Solving gives d = 4.
Correct Answer: A — 4
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Q. If the first term of an arithmetic progression is 7 and the common difference is -2, what is the 8th term?
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Solution
Using the formula for the nth term, a + (n-1)d = 7 + (8-1)(-2) = 7 - 14 = -7.
Correct Answer: A — -1
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Q. If the first three terms of a harmonic progression are 1, 1/2, and 1/3, what is the fourth term?
A.
1/4
B.
1/5
C.
1/6
D.
1/7
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Solution
The reciprocals are 1, 2, and 3, which are in arithmetic progression. The next term in the sequence of reciprocals is 4, so the fourth term is 1/4.
Correct Answer: C — 1/6
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Q. If the first three terms of a harmonic progression are 1, 1/2, and 1/3, what is the common difference of the corresponding arithmetic progression?
A.
1/6
B.
1/3
C.
1/2
D.
1
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Solution
The reciprocals are 1, 2, and 3. The common difference is 2 - 1 = 1.
Correct Answer: A — 1/6
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Q. If the first three terms of a harmonic progression are a, b, and c, which of the following equations holds true?
A.
1/a + 1/b = 1/c
B.
1/a + 1/c = 1/b
C.
1/b + 1/c = 1/a
D.
1/a + 1/b + 1/c = 0
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Solution
In a harmonic progression, the reciprocals of the terms form an arithmetic progression, hence 1/a + 1/b = 1/c.
Correct Answer: A — 1/a + 1/b = 1/c
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Q. If the graph of a function f(x) is symmetric about the y-axis, which of the following must be true?
A.
f(x) = f(-x) for all x.
B.
f(x) = -f(-x) for all x.
C.
f(x) is always positive.
D.
f(x) has a maximum value.
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Solution
A function that is symmetric about the y-axis satisfies the property f(x) = f(-x) for all x.
Correct Answer: A — f(x) = f(-x) for all x.
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Q. If the graph of a function is symmetric about the y-axis, which of the following types of functions could it be?
A.
Linear function
B.
Odd function
C.
Even function
D.
Exponential function
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Solution
A function is symmetric about the y-axis if it is an even function, which satisfies the condition f(x) = f(-x).
Correct Answer: C — Even function
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Q. If the linear equation 5x + 2y = 10 is graphed, what is the point where it intersects the x-axis?
A.
(2, 0)
B.
(0, 5)
C.
(5, 0)
D.
(0, 2)
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Solution
To find the x-intercept, set y = 0. Solving gives x = 2, so the intersection point is (2, 0).
Correct Answer: A — (2, 0)
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Q. If the linear equation 5x - 2y = 10 is graphed, what is the point of intersection with the x-axis?
A.
(2, 0)
B.
(0, 5)
C.
(0, -5)
D.
(5, 0)
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Solution
Setting y to 0 in the equation gives x = 2, so the intersection with the x-axis is (2, 0).
Correct Answer: A — (2, 0)
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Q. If the nth term of a harmonic progression is given by 1/(1/n + 1/a), what does 'a' represent?
A.
The first term
B.
The last term
C.
The common difference
D.
The sum of the terms
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Solution
'a' represents the first term of the harmonic progression in the formula for the nth term.
Correct Answer: A — The first term
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Q. If the polynomial P(x) = x^2 + bx + c has roots 3 and -2, what is the value of b?
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Solution
Using Vieta's formulas, the sum of the roots (3 + (-2)) = 1, hence b = -1.
Correct Answer: B — 5
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Q. If the polynomial P(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 4 has a local maximum at x = 1, what is the value of P(1)?
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Solution
Calculating P(1) gives 1^3 - 3(1^2) + 4 = 1 - 3 + 4 = 2.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. If the quadratic equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0 has roots p and q, which of the following is correct?
A.
p + q = -b/a and pq = c/a
B.
p + q = b/a and pq = -c/a
C.
p + q = c/a and pq = -b/a
D.
p + q = -c/a and pq = b/a
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Solution
According to Vieta's formulas, the sum of the roots p and q is -b/a and the product is c/a.
Correct Answer: A — p + q = -b/a and pq = c/a
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Q. If the quadratic equation x^2 - 4x + k = 0 has equal roots, what is the value of k?
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Solution
For equal roots, the discriminant must be zero: (-4)^2 - 4*1*k = 0, leading to k = 4.
Correct Answer: B — 4
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Q. If the roots of the equation x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0 are p and q, what is the value of p + q?
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Solution
According to Vieta's formulas, the sum of the roots p + q is equal to -(-5) = 5.
Correct Answer: A — 5
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Q. If the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression is given by S_n = 3n^2 + 2n, what is the common difference?
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Solution
The sum of the first n terms S_n = n/2 * (2a + (n-1)d). By differentiating S_n with respect to n, we can find the common difference. The common difference is 3.
Correct Answer: A — 3
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Q. If the sum of the first three terms of a geometric progression is 14 and the common ratio is 2, what is the first term?
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Solution
Let the first term be a. The sum of the first three terms is a + 2a + 4a = 7a. Setting 7a = 14 gives a = 2.
Correct Answer: B — 3
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Q. If the terms of a harmonic progression are 1, 1/4, and 1/9, what is the common difference of the corresponding arithmetic progression?
A.
1/36
B.
1/12
C.
1/9
D.
1/4
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Solution
The reciprocals are 1, 4, and 9. The common difference is 4 - 1 = 3.
Correct Answer: B — 1/12
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Q. If the terms of a harmonic progression are 3, 6, and x, what is the value of x?
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Solution
The reciprocals of the terms are 1/3, 1/6, and 1/x. Since they form an arithmetic progression, we can set up the equation: 1/6 - 1/3 = 1/x - 1/6, solving gives x = 12.
Correct Answer: B — 12
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Q. If two linear equations are represented as ax + by = c and dx + ey = f, under what condition will they be parallel?
A.
If a/e = b/d
B.
If a/d = b/e
C.
If a/b = c/f
D.
If c/f = d/e
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Solution
Two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal, which occurs when a/d = b/e.
Correct Answer: B — If a/d = b/e
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Q. If two linear equations are represented by the lines y = 2x + 1 and y = 2x - 3, what can be inferred about their relationship?
A.
They intersect at one point.
B.
They are parallel.
C.
They coincide.
D.
They are perpendicular.
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Solution
Both lines have the same slope (2) but different y-intercepts, indicating they are parallel.
Correct Answer: B — They are parallel.
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Q. If x + 3 = 7, what is the value of x?
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Solution
To find x, subtract 3 from both sides: x = 7 - 3, which gives x = 4.
Correct Answer: A — 4
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Q. If x = 2^3 and y = 2^2, what is the value of x/y? (2023)
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Solution
We have x = 8 and y = 4. Thus, x/y = 8/4 = 2.
Correct Answer: A — 2
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Q. In a certain context, if the expression 5^(x+1) = 125 is true, what is the value of x?
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Solution
Since 125 can be expressed as 5^3, we have 5^(x+1) = 5^3, thus x + 1 = 3, leading to x = 2.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. In a function f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c, what does the coefficient 'a' determine?
A.
The direction of the parabola's opening.
B.
The y-intercept of the graph.
C.
The slope of the graph.
D.
The x-intercepts of the graph.
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Solution
The coefficient 'a' in a quadratic function determines whether the parabola opens upwards (a > 0) or downwards (a < 0).
Correct Answer: A — The direction of the parabola's opening.
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Q. In a function f(x) = x^3 - 3x, what is the nature of the critical points?
A.
All critical points are local maxima.
B.
All critical points are local minima.
C.
There are both local maxima and minima.
D.
There are no critical points.
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Solution
The function has critical points where the first derivative is zero, which can be analyzed to find both local maxima and minima.
Correct Answer: C — There are both local maxima and minima.
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Q. In a geometric progression, if the first term is 3 and the common ratio is 2, what is the 5th term?
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Solution
The nth term of a GP is given by a * r^(n-1). Here, a = 3, r = 2, and n = 5. Thus, the 5th term = 3 * 2^(5-1) = 3 * 16 = 48.
Correct Answer: A — 48
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