Qualitative Analysis of Ions - Numerical Applications
Q. In a titration to identify chloride ions, which indicator is commonly used?
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A.
Phenolphthalein
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B.
Methyl orange
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C.
Silver nitrate
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D.
Chromate
Solution
Chromate is used as an indicator in titrations involving chloride ions, as it forms a colored precipitate with silver ions.
Correct Answer: D — Chromate
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Q. In electrophoresis, what property of ions primarily determines their movement?
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A.
Mass
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B.
Charge
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C.
Size
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D.
Solubility
Solution
The movement of ions in electrophoresis is primarily determined by their charge; positively charged ions move towards the cathode.
Correct Answer: B — Charge
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Q. In UV-Vis spectroscopy, what does a peak at 260 nm typically indicate?
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A.
Presence of proteins
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B.
Presence of nucleic acids
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C.
Presence of carbohydrates
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D.
Presence of lipids
Solution
A peak at 260 nm in UV-Vis spectroscopy typically indicates the presence of nucleic acids, as they absorb light at this wavelength.
Correct Answer: B — Presence of nucleic acids
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Q. What is the main advantage of using ion chromatography for qualitative analysis?
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A.
High sensitivity
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B.
Ability to analyze gases
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C.
Separation of ions in a single run
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D.
Low cost
Solution
Ion chromatography allows for the separation of multiple ions in a single run, making it efficient for qualitative analysis.
Correct Answer: C — Separation of ions in a single run
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Q. What is the primary purpose of using a flame test in qualitative analysis?
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A.
To determine the concentration of ions
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B.
To identify the presence of specific metal ions
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C.
To separate different ions
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D.
To measure the pH of a solution
Solution
A flame test is used to identify the presence of specific metal ions based on the characteristic colors they emit when heated in a flame.
Correct Answer: B — To identify the presence of specific metal ions
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Q. What is the principle behind the use of chromatography for qualitative analysis?
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A.
Separation based on charge
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B.
Separation based on size
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C.
Separation based on solubility
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D.
Separation based on boiling point
Solution
Chromatography separates components based on their solubility in the mobile phase relative to the stationary phase.
Correct Answer: C — Separation based on solubility
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Q. What is the role of a titrant in a titration for qualitative analysis?
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A.
To provide a color change
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B.
To react with the analyte
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C.
To stabilize the solution
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D.
To dilute the sample
Solution
The titrant reacts with the analyte to produce a measurable change, often indicated by a color change, which helps identify the analyte.
Correct Answer: B — To react with the analyte
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Q. What is the significance of using a buffer solution in qualitative analysis?
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A.
To increase the solubility of ions
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B.
To maintain a constant pH
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C.
To enhance the color intensity
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D.
To precipitate unwanted ions
Solution
Buffer solutions are used to maintain a constant pH during qualitative analysis, which is crucial for accurate results.
Correct Answer: B — To maintain a constant pH
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Q. Which analytical technique is best suited for the separation of anions in a mixture?
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A.
Gas chromatography
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B.
High-performance liquid chromatography
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C.
Thin-layer chromatography
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D.
Capillary electrophoresis
Solution
Capillary electrophoresis is particularly effective for the separation of anions due to its high resolution and speed.
Correct Answer: D — Capillary electrophoresis
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Q. Which of the following ions can be detected using a colorimetric method?
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A.
Sodium
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B.
Calcium
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C.
Iron
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D.
Potassium
Solution
Iron can be detected using colorimetric methods, as it forms colored complexes with specific reagents.
Correct Answer: C — Iron
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Q. Which reagent is commonly used to confirm the presence of chloride ions in a solution?
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A.
Barium nitrate
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B.
Silver nitrate
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C.
Calcium hydroxide
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D.
Sodium sulfate
Solution
Silver nitrate is used to precipitate silver chloride when chloride ions are present, confirming their presence.
Correct Answer: B — Silver nitrate
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Q. Which technique is best suited for separating anions in a mixture?
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A.
Gas chromatography
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B.
High-performance liquid chromatography
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C.
Capillary electrophoresis
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D.
Mass spectrometry
Solution
Capillary electrophoresis is effective for separating anions based on their charge and size.
Correct Answer: C — Capillary electrophoresis
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