Polarization
Q. If the angle between the transmission axis of two polarizers is 90 degrees, what is the intensity of light passing through them?
A.
Maximum intensity
B.
Half of the original intensity
C.
Zero intensity
D.
Equal to the intensity of the first polarizer
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Solution
When the angle between the transmission axes of two polarizers is 90 degrees, no light passes through, resulting in zero intensity.
Correct Answer: C — Zero intensity
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Q. If the angle between the transmission axis of two polarizers is 90 degrees, what is the transmitted intensity of light?
A.
Maximum intensity
B.
Half of the original intensity
C.
Zero intensity
D.
One-fourth of the original intensity
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Solution
When the angle between the transmission axes of two polarizers is 90 degrees, no light is transmitted, resulting in zero intensity.
Correct Answer: C — Zero intensity
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Q. If two polarizers are oriented at 90 degrees to each other, what will be the intensity of light passing through them?
A.
Maximum intensity
B.
Half of the original intensity
C.
Zero intensity
D.
The same as the first polarizer
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Solution
When two polarizers are oriented at 90 degrees to each other, no light can pass through, resulting in zero intensity.
Correct Answer: C — Zero intensity
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Q. If two polarizers are placed at 90 degrees to each other, what will be the intensity of light passing through them?
A.
Equal to the intensity of the first polarizer
B.
Half of the intensity of the first polarizer
C.
Zero
D.
Equal to the intensity of the second polarizer
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Solution
When two polarizers are oriented at 90 degrees to each other, no light passes through, resulting in zero intensity.
Correct Answer: C — Zero
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Q. If two polarizers are placed in series with their axes at 90 degrees to each other, what will be the intensity of light passing through?
A.
It will be maximum
B.
It will be minimum
C.
It will be half of the original intensity
D.
It will be one-fourth of the original intensity
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Solution
When two polarizers are at 90 degrees to each other, no light passes through, resulting in minimum intensity.
Correct Answer: B — It will be minimum
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Q. If unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, what fraction of the light intensity is transmitted?
A.
0%
B.
25%
C.
50%
D.
100%
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Solution
When unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, 50% of the light intensity is transmitted.
Correct Answer: C — 50%
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Q. If unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, what is the intensity of the transmitted light?
A.
Zero
B.
Half of the original intensity
C.
Equal to the original intensity
D.
Twice the original intensity
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Solution
According to Malus's law, the intensity of transmitted light is half of the original intensity when unpolarized light passes through a polarizer.
Correct Answer: B — Half of the original intensity
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Q. If unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, what percentage of the light intensity will emerge?
A.
0%
B.
25%
C.
50%
D.
100%
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Solution
When unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, 50% of the light intensity will emerge, according to Malus's law.
Correct Answer: C — 50%
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Q. If unpolarized light passes through two polarizers at 90 degrees to each other, what is the intensity of the transmitted light?
A.
Same as incident light
B.
Half of the incident light
C.
Zero
D.
One quarter of the incident light
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Solution
When unpolarized light passes through two polarizers at 90 degrees, no light is transmitted, resulting in zero intensity.
Correct Answer: C — Zero
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Q. If unpolarized light passes through two polarizers, what is the maximum intensity of light transmitted?
A.
Zero
B.
Half of the original intensity
C.
Equal to the original intensity
D.
Dependent on the angle between the polarizers
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Solution
The maximum intensity transmitted through two polarizers is given by Malus's law, which states that I = I0 * cos²(θ), where θ is the angle between the polarizers.
Correct Answer: D — Dependent on the angle between the polarizers
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Q. In which of the following scenarios does light become polarized by reflection?
A.
When it passes through a prism
B.
When it reflects off a smooth surface at a specific angle
C.
When it travels through a foggy medium
D.
When it is diffracted through a narrow slit
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Solution
Light becomes polarized by reflection when it reflects off a smooth surface at Brewster's angle.
Correct Answer: B — When it reflects off a smooth surface at a specific angle
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Q. In which of the following scenarios does light become polarized?
A.
When it passes through a prism
B.
When it reflects off a non-metallic surface
C.
When it travels through a vacuum
D.
When it diffracts through a slit
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Solution
Light becomes polarized when it reflects off a non-metallic surface, as the reflected light tends to align in a particular direction.
Correct Answer: B — When it reflects off a non-metallic surface
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Q. In which of the following scenarios is light most likely to be polarized?
A.
When it passes through a prism
B.
When it reflects off a smooth surface
C.
When it travels through a vacuum
D.
When it diffracts through a narrow slit
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Solution
Light is most likely to be polarized when it reflects off a smooth surface, such as water or glass.
Correct Answer: B — When it reflects off a smooth surface
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Q. In which of the following scenarios is light polarized?
A.
Light from a candle
B.
Light from a laser
C.
Light from an incandescent bulb
D.
Light from a fluorescent lamp
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Solution
Light from a laser is typically polarized, while the other sources emit unpolarized light.
Correct Answer: B — Light from a laser
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Q. In which scenario is light most likely to be polarized?
A.
When it passes through a prism
B.
When it reflects off a lake
C.
When it travels through air
D.
When it passes through a lens
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Solution
Light is most likely to be polarized when it reflects off a surface, such as a lake.
Correct Answer: B — When it reflects off a lake
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Q. What happens to the intensity of light when it passes through two polarizers aligned at 90 degrees to each other?
A.
It doubles
B.
It halves
C.
It becomes zero
D.
It remains the same
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Solution
When light passes through two polarizers at 90 degrees to each other, the intensity becomes zero because no light can pass through.
Correct Answer: C — It becomes zero
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Q. What happens to the intensity of light when it passes through two polarizers at an angle of 45 degrees?
A.
It is halved
B.
It is quartered
C.
It remains the same
D.
It doubles
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Solution
The intensity of light passing through two polarizers at an angle of 45 degrees is quartered.
Correct Answer: B — It is quartered
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Q. What happens to the light intensity when it passes through a polarizer at an angle of 60 degrees?
A.
It is halved
B.
It is reduced to one quarter
C.
It remains the same
D.
It is doubled
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Solution
The transmitted intensity is given by I = I_0 * cos²(θ), which results in one quarter of the original intensity at 60 degrees.
Correct Answer: B — It is reduced to one quarter
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Q. What happens to the light intensity when it passes through two crossed polarizers?
A.
It doubles
B.
It is halved
C.
It becomes zero
D.
It remains the same
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Solution
When light passes through two crossed polarizers (90 degrees apart), no light is transmitted, resulting in zero intensity.
Correct Answer: C — It becomes zero
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Q. What happens to the light intensity when it passes through two polarizers aligned at an angle of 30 degrees?
A.
It remains the same
B.
It is halved
C.
It is reduced to one-fourth
D.
It is reduced to three-fourths
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Solution
Using Malus's law, the transmitted intensity I = I_0 * cos²(θ). For θ = 30 degrees, I = I_0 * (√3/2)² = (3/4)I_0.
Correct Answer: D — It is reduced to three-fourths
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Q. What happens to the polarization of light when it passes through a polarizer at an angle of 45 degrees?
A.
It becomes unpolarized
B.
It is completely absorbed
C.
It is partially polarized
D.
It is fully polarized
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Solution
When light passes through a polarizer at an angle of 45 degrees, it becomes partially polarized.
Correct Answer: C — It is partially polarized
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Q. What is Brewster's angle for a medium with a refractive index of 1.5?
A.
30 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
53 degrees
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Solution
Brewster's angle can be calculated using the formula tan(θ) = n, which gives approximately 53 degrees for n = 1.5.
Correct Answer: D — 53 degrees
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Q. What is Brewster's angle?
A.
The angle at which light is completely absorbed
B.
The angle at which light is reflected with maximum polarization
C.
The angle at which light refracts without any reflection
D.
The angle at which light travels fastest
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Solution
Brewster's angle is the angle of incidence at which light is reflected with maximum polarization.
Correct Answer: B — The angle at which light is reflected with maximum polarization
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Q. What is the angle of incidence at which light is completely polarized upon reflection?
A.
0 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
Brewster's angle
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Solution
Light is completely polarized upon reflection at Brewster's angle, which is given by the formula tan(θ_B) = n2/n1.
Correct Answer: D — Brewster's angle
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Q. What is the Brewster's angle for a medium with a refractive index of 1.5?
A.
30 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
53 degrees
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Solution
Brewster's angle can be calculated using the formula tan(θ_B) = n, where n is the refractive index. For n = 1.5, θ_B = arctan(1.5) ≈ 53 degrees.
Correct Answer: D — 53 degrees
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Q. What is the Brewster's angle for light entering a medium with a refractive index of 1.5?
A.
30 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
53 degrees
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Solution
Brewster's angle can be calculated using the formula tan(θ_B) = n, where n is the refractive index. For n = 1.5, θ_B = arctan(1.5) ≈ 53 degrees.
Correct Answer: D — 53 degrees
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Q. What is the Brewster's angle for light in air (n=1) reflecting off glass (n=1.5)?
A.
30 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
53 degrees
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Solution
Brewster's angle can be calculated using the formula tan(θ_B) = n2/n1, which gives approximately 53 degrees.
Correct Answer: D — 53 degrees
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Q. What is the Brewster's angle for light traveling from air (n1 = 1) to glass (n2 = 1.5)?
A.
30 degrees
B.
45 degrees
C.
60 degrees
D.
53 degrees
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Solution
Brewster's angle θ_B can be calculated using θ_B = arctan(n2/n1) = arctan(1.5) ≈ 56.31 degrees.
Correct Answer: D — 53 degrees
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Q. What is the Brewster's angle?
A.
The angle at which light is completely absorbed
B.
The angle at which light is reflected with maximum polarization
C.
The angle at which light refracts without any reflection
D.
The angle at which light intensity is halved
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Solution
Brewster's angle is the angle of incidence at which light is reflected with maximum polarization.
Correct Answer: B — The angle at which light is reflected with maximum polarization
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Q. What is the condition for light to be completely polarized by reflection?
A.
Angle of incidence equals angle of refraction
B.
Angle of incidence equals Brewster's angle
C.
Angle of incidence is 45 degrees
D.
Light must be monochromatic
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Solution
Light is completely polarized when it is reflected at Brewster's angle, which is given by θ_B = arctan(n2/n1).
Correct Answer: B — Angle of incidence equals Brewster's angle
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