Electrostatics
Q. What is the electric field at a distance r from an infinitely long line charge with linear charge density λ?
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A.
λ/2πε₀r
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B.
λ/4πε₀r²
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C.
λ/ε₀r
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D.
λ/2ε₀r²
Solution
The electric field due to an infinite line charge is given by E = λ/2πε₀r.
Correct Answer: A — λ/2πε₀r
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Q. What is the electric field at a distance r from an infinitely long line of charge with linear charge density λ?
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A.
λ/(2πε₀r)
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B.
λ/(4πε₀r²)
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C.
λ/(2πε₀r²)
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D.
0
Solution
The electric field due to an infinitely long line of charge is given by E = λ/(2πε₀r), directed radially outward from the line.
Correct Answer: A — λ/(2πε₀r)
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Q. What is the electric field at a point due to a positive charge?
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A.
Directed towards the charge
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B.
Directed away from the charge
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C.
Zero
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D.
Depends on the distance from the charge
Solution
The electric field due to a positive charge is directed away from the charge.
Correct Answer: B — Directed away from the charge
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Q. What is the electric field at a point just outside a charged conductor?
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A.
0
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B.
σ/ε₀
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C.
σ/2ε₀
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D.
σ/4ε₀
Solution
The electric field just outside a charged conductor is given by E = σ/ε₀, where σ is the surface charge density.
Correct Answer: B — σ/ε₀
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Q. What is the electric field at a point midway between two equal and opposite charges?
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A.
Zero
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B.
Maximum
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C.
Minimum
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D.
Depends on distance
Solution
The electric fields due to both charges cancel each other out at the midpoint, resulting in zero electric field.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. What is the electric field at a point on the axis of a dipole at a distance d from the center of the dipole?
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A.
0
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B.
p/(4πε₀d²)
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C.
p/(2πε₀d²)
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D.
p/(4πε₀d³)
Solution
The electric field along the axis of a dipole at a distance d is given by E = (1/(4πε₀)) * (2p/d³), where p is the dipole moment.
Correct Answer: D — p/(4πε₀d³)
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Q. What is the electric field at a point outside a uniformly charged sphere of radius R and total charge Q?
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A.
0
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B.
Q/(4πε₀R²)
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C.
Q/(4πε₀R)
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D.
Q/(2πε₀R²)
Solution
For a point outside a uniformly charged sphere, the electric field behaves as if all the charge were concentrated at the center, so E = Q/(4πε₀R²).
Correct Answer: B — Q/(4πε₀R²)
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge at a distance r?
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A.
k * q / r^2
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B.
k * q / r
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C.
k * q * r
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D.
k * q * r^2
Solution
The electric field E due to a point charge q at a distance r is given by E = k * q / r^2, where k is Coulomb's constant.
Correct Answer: A — k * q / r^2
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +10μC at a distance of 0.2m?
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A.
22500 N/C
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B.
45000 N/C
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C.
50000 N/C
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D.
75000 N/C
Solution
Electric field E = k * |q| / r² = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (10 × 10^-6 C) / (0.2 m)² = 225000 N/C.
Correct Answer: C — 50000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +1μC at a distance of 0.1m?
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A.
9000 N/C
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B.
900 N/C
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C.
90 N/C
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D.
9 N/C
Solution
Electric field E = k * |q| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * (1 × 10^-6) / (0.1)^2 = 9000 N/C.
Correct Answer: A — 9000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +1μC at a distance of 1m?
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A.
9 × 10^9 N/C
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B.
1 × 10^6 N/C
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C.
9 × 10^6 N/C
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D.
1 × 10^9 N/C
Solution
Electric field E = k * |q| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * (1 × 10^-6) / (1)^2 = 9 × 10^6 N/C.
Correct Answer: C — 9 × 10^6 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +4μC at a distance of 0.1m?
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A.
36000 N/C
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B.
40000 N/C
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C.
44000 N/C
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D.
48000 N/C
Solution
Electric field E = k * |q| / r² = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (4 × 10^-6 C) / (0.1 m)² = 36000 N/C.
Correct Answer: B — 40000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +4μC at a distance of 0.2m?
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A.
4500 N/C
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B.
9000 N/C
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C.
18000 N/C
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D.
36000 N/C
Solution
E = k * |q| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * (4 × 10^-6) / (0.2)^2 = 9000 N/C.
Correct Answer: B — 9000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +5μC at a distance of 0.1 m?
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A.
4500 N/C
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B.
5000 N/C
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C.
5500 N/C
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D.
6000 N/C
Solution
Electric field E = k * |q| / r² = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (5 × 10^-6 C) / (0.1 m)² = 4500 N/C.
Correct Answer: B — 5000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +5μC at a distance of 0.1m?
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A.
4500 N/C
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B.
5000 N/C
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C.
45000 N/C
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D.
50000 N/C
Solution
Electric field E = k * |q| / r² = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (5 × 10^-6 C) / (0.1 m)² = 45000 N/C.
Correct Answer: C — 45000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +5μC at a distance of 0.2m?
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A.
11250 N/C
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B.
4500 N/C
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C.
2250 N/C
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D.
5625 N/C
Solution
E = k * |q| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * (5 × 10^-6) / (0.2)^2 = 11250 N/C.
Correct Answer: A — 11250 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a point charge of +5μC at a distance of 0.3m? (2000)
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A.
1500 N/C
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B.
5000 N/C
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C.
1000 N/C
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D.
2000 N/C
Solution
E = k * |q| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * (5 × 10^-6) / (0.3)^2 = 5000 N/C.
Correct Answer: B — 5000 N/C
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Q. What is the electric field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet with surface charge density σ?
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A.
σ/2ε₀
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B.
σ/ε₀
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C.
2σ/ε₀
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D.
0
Solution
The electric field due to an infinite plane sheet is E = σ/2ε₀ on both sides, thus total E = σ/ε₀.
Correct Answer: C — 2σ/ε₀
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Q. What is the electric field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet?
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A.
0
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B.
σ/2ε₀
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C.
σ/ε₀
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D.
σ/4ε₀
Solution
According to Gauss's law, the electric field due to an infinite plane sheet with surface charge density σ is E = σ/2ε₀, directed away from the sheet.
Correct Answer: B — σ/2ε₀
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Q. What is the electric field due to a uniformly charged line of charge with linear charge density λ at a distance r from the line?
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A.
λ/(2πε₀r)
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B.
λ/(4πε₀r²)
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C.
2λ/(πε₀r)
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D.
λ/(ε₀r)
Solution
Using Gauss's law, the electric field due to a uniformly charged line of charge is E = λ/(2πε₀r).
Correct Answer: A — λ/(2πε₀r)
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Q. What is the electric field due to an infinite plane sheet of charge with surface charge density σ?
-
A.
σ/2ε₀
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B.
σ/ε₀
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C.
σ/4ε₀
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D.
0
Solution
The electric field due to an infinite plane sheet of charge is given by E = σ/2ε₀, directed away from the sheet if the charge is positive.
Correct Answer: A — σ/2ε₀
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Q. What is the electric field inside a charged conductor in electrostatic equilibrium?
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A.
Zero
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B.
Constant
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C.
Varies with distance
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D.
Depends on charge density
Solution
Inside a charged conductor in electrostatic equilibrium, the electric field is zero.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. What is the electric field inside a uniformly charged hollow sphere?
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A.
Zero
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B.
Uniform and equal to the surface field
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C.
Varies linearly with distance from the center
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D.
Depends on the charge outside the sphere
Solution
According to Gauss's law, the electric field inside a uniformly charged hollow sphere is zero.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. What is the electric field inside a uniformly charged spherical shell?
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A.
Zero
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B.
Uniform
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C.
Varies linearly
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D.
Depends on the charge outside
Solution
The electric field inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is zero.
Correct Answer: A — Zero
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Q. What is the electric field outside a uniformly charged sphere of radius R with total charge Q?
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A.
0
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B.
Q/(4πε₀R²)
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C.
Q/(4πε₀R)
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D.
Q/(2πε₀R²)
Solution
For a uniformly charged sphere, outside the sphere, the electric field behaves as if all the charge were concentrated at the center, E = Q/(4πε₀R²).
Correct Answer: B — Q/(4πε₀R²)
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Q. What is the electric flux through a closed surface surrounding a charge of -3Q?
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A.
-3Q/ε₀
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B.
3Q/ε₀
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C.
0
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D.
-6Q/ε₀
Solution
According to Gauss's law, the electric flux through a closed surface is Φ = Q_enc/ε₀. Here, Q_enc = -3Q, so Φ = -3Q/ε₀.
Correct Answer: A — -3Q/ε₀
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Q. What is the electric flux through a closed surface surrounding a charge Q?
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A.
0
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B.
Q/ε₀
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C.
Q/2ε₀
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D.
Q/4ε₀
Solution
According to Gauss's law, the electric flux Φ through a closed surface is given by Φ = Q/ε₀.
Correct Answer: B — Q/ε₀
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Q. What is the electric flux through a closed surface that encloses no charge?
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A.
0
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B.
Q/ε₀
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C.
Q
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D.
4πQ/ε₀
Solution
According to Gauss's law, if there is no charge enclosed, the electric flux through the surface is zero.
Correct Answer: A — 0
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Q. What is the electric potential at a distance of 3 m from a charge of 10 μC?
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A.
3000 V
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B.
9000 V
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C.
6000 V
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D.
1000 V
Solution
V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (10 × 10^-6 C) / (3 m) = 30000 V / 3 = 9000 V.
Correct Answer: B — 9000 V
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Q. What is the electric potential at a distance of 4 m from a charge of 8 μC? (2000)
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A.
4500 V
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B.
1800 V
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C.
2000 V
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D.
None of the above
Solution
Electric potential V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (8 × 10^-6 C) / (4 m) = 1800 V.
Correct Answer: B — 1800 V
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