Depth can be created by including elements at different distances from the camera, which helps to create a sense of three-dimensionality in the image.

Framing involves using elements in the scene, such as branches or windows, to create a 'frame' around the subject, drawing attention to it.

A shallow depth of field blurs the background while keeping the subject in focus, helping to isolate it and draw attention.

The golden ratio is a mathematical ratio, approximately 1.618, that is often used to create visually appealing compositions by placing subjects at specific points.

The primary goal of composition is to arrange elements in a way that creates a visually appealing and effective image that communicates the intended message.

Negative space refers to the area around and between the subject(s) in a photo, and it helps to create balance and emphasize the main subject.

The rule of thirds involves dividing the frame into nine equal parts using two horizontal and two vertical lines, and placing the subject along these lines or their intersections.

Symmetrical balance occurs when elements on either side of the frame are arranged equally, creating a sense of harmony and stability.

Leading lines are lines within the image that lead the viewer's eye to the main subject or deeper into the scene.

Contrast in composition refers to the use of opposing elements, such as light and dark or large and small, to create visual interest and draw attention.