According to Markovnikov's rule, in the addition of HBr to an asymmetric alkene, the hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon, and the bromine will add to the more substituted carbon.

The formation of the carbocation is the rate-determining step in an SN1 reaction, as it involves breaking the bond to the leaving group.

The longest carbon chain has four carbons, and the bromine is attached to the second carbon, making the IUPAC name 2-bromobutane.

The major product is 2-bromopropane due to Markovnikov's rule, where the bromine adds to the more substituted carbon.

The reaction proceeds via an SN2 mechanism due to the primary nature of 1-bromobutane, allowing for a backside attack by the nucleophile.

In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophile attacks the carbon atom from the opposite side of the leaving group, leading to a backside attack and inversion of configuration.

The reaction proceeds via an SN2 mechanism, resulting in the formation of benzyl alcohol.

The compound CH3-COOH contains a carboxylic acid functional group, characterized by the -COOH group.

A nucleophile is characterized by its ability to donate electrons to form a bond with an electrophile.

E1 mechanisms involve the formation of a carbocation intermediate, which is a key feature of this type of elimination reaction.

Nucleophiles are electron-rich species that donate electrons to electrophiles during chemical reactions.

E1 elimination proceeds through a carbocation intermediate, making it a two-step process.