Benzyl chloride can stabilize a carbocation, thus the SN1 mechanism is favored when reacting with a strong nucleophile.

The longest carbon chain has four carbons, and the bromine is on the second carbon, making the correct IUPAC name 2-bromo-3-methylbutane.

The reaction of 1-bromobutane with sodium hydroxide in ethanol proceeds via the SN2 mechanism due to the primary nature of the substrate, allowing for a backside attack.

The reaction proceeds via an SN2 mechanism due to the primary nature of the substrate and the strong nucleophile (OH-).

The major product is 2-bromopropane due to Markovnikov's rule, where H adds to the less substituted carbon.

The strong base induces an E2 elimination reaction, leading to the formation of 2-methylpropene as the major product.

E1 elimination of 2-bromo-2-methylpropane leads to the formation of 2-methylpropene as the major product.

The addition of HBr to propene follows Markovnikov's rule, leading to the formation of 2-bromopropane as the major product.

SN2 reactions result in inversion of configuration at the chiral center due to the backside attack of the nucleophile.

2-bromopentane can undergo E2 elimination because it has a beta-hydrogen available for elimination, while the others either do not or favor different mechanisms.

SN1 reactions involve the formation of a carbocation intermediate, which is a key characteristic of this two-step mechanism.

E1 reactions involve the formation of a carbocation intermediate, making them a two-step process.

E2 mechanisms require a strong base to abstract a proton while the leaving group departs in a concerted manner.