Isomerism and Stereochemistry
Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3?
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A.
1-pentene
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B.
2-pentene
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C.
3-pentene
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D.
butene
Solution
The longest carbon chain containing the double bond has 5 carbons, and the double bond starts at the second carbon, making it 2-pentene.
Correct Answer: B — 2-pentene
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Q. What is the stereochemical configuration of (2R,3S)-2,3-butanediol?
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A.
R,R
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B.
S,S
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C.
R,S
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D.
S,R
Solution
The configuration (2R,3S) indicates that the second carbon is R and the third carbon is S.
Correct Answer: C — R,S
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Q. What type of isomerism is exhibited by 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane?
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A.
Structural isomerism
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B.
Geometric isomerism
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C.
Optical isomerism
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D.
Conformational isomerism
Solution
1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane differ in the connectivity of their atoms, which is a characteristic of structural isomerism.
Correct Answer: A — Structural isomerism
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Q. Which of the following compounds can exhibit optical isomerism?
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A.
2-butanol
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B.
1-butanol
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C.
butane
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D.
propene
Solution
2-butanol has a chiral center and can exist as two enantiomers, thus exhibiting optical isomerism.
Correct Answer: A — 2-butanol
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Q. Which of the following compounds is a chiral molecule?
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A.
2-pentene
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B.
3-pentanol
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C.
1-butanol
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D.
2-butanol
Solution
2-butanol has a chiral center and can exist as two enantiomers, making it chiral.
Correct Answer: D — 2-butanol
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Q. Which of the following compounds is a geometric isomer of 2-butene?
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A.
cis-2-butene
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B.
trans-2-butene
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C.
1-butene
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D.
butyne
Solution
2-butene can exist in two geometric forms: cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene. The correct answer is trans-2-butene.
Correct Answer: B — trans-2-butene
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of cis isomers?
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A.
Higher boiling points than trans isomers
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B.
Lower boiling points than trans isomers
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C.
Same boiling points as trans isomers
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D.
Always optically active
Solution
Cis isomers typically have higher boiling points than their trans counterparts due to increased polarity.
Correct Answer: A — Higher boiling points than trans isomers
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Q. Which of the following is an example of enantiomers?
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A.
D-glucose and L-glucose
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B.
cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene
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C.
1-butanol and 2-butanol
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D.
acetone and propan-2-one
Solution
D-glucose and L-glucose are mirror images of each other, making them enantiomers.
Correct Answer: A — D-glucose and L-glucose
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Q. Which of the following statements about stereoisomers is true?
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A.
They have the same molecular formula.
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B.
They have different connectivity of atoms.
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C.
They cannot be interconverted without breaking bonds.
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D.
They have different physical properties.
Solution
Stereoisomers have the same connectivity but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms, and they cannot be interconverted without breaking bonds.
Correct Answer: C — They cannot be interconverted without breaking bonds.
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