Isomerism and Stereochemistry - Real World Applications
Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C4H8 that has a double bond and a methyl group on the second carbon?
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A.
2-methylbut-1-ene
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B.
3-methylbut-1-ene
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C.
2-methylbut-2-ene
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D.
but-2-ene
Solution
The correct IUPAC name is 2-methylbut-1-ene, as the double bond is between the first and second carbon.
Correct Answer: A — 2-methylbut-1-ene
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Q. What is the main difference between cis and trans isomers?
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A.
Position of functional groups
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B.
Orientation of substituents around a double bond
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C.
Molecular weight
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D.
Number of chiral centers
Solution
Cis and trans isomers differ in the orientation of substituents around a double bond.
Correct Answer: B — Orientation of substituents around a double bond
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Q. What is the main reason for the difference in boiling points between cis and trans isomers?
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A.
Molecular weight
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B.
Dipole moment
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C.
Hydrogen bonding
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D.
Steric hindrance
Solution
Cis isomers typically have a higher dipole moment due to their polar arrangement, leading to stronger intermolecular forces and higher boiling points.
Correct Answer: B — Dipole moment
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Q. What type of isomerism is exhibited by D-glucose and L-glucose?
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A.
Structural isomerism
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B.
Geometric isomerism
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C.
Enantiomerism
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D.
Conformational isomerism
Solution
D-glucose and L-glucose are enantiomers, differing in configuration at their chiral centers.
Correct Answer: C — Enantiomerism
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Q. Which functional group is responsible for the chirality in amino acids?
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A.
Carboxyl group
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B.
Amino group
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C.
Hydroxyl group
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D.
Carbonyl group
Solution
The amino group (-NH2) attached to the alpha carbon contributes to the chirality of amino acids.
Correct Answer: B — Amino group
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Q. Which of the following is an example of a functional group isomer?
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A.
Butanol and ethyl methyl ether
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B.
Hexane and cyclohexane
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C.
1-butanol and 2-butanol
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D.
Acetic acid and methyl acetate
Solution
Butanol (an alcohol) and ethyl methyl ether (an ether) are functional group isomers as they have different functional groups.
Correct Answer: A — Butanol and ethyl methyl ether
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