Isomerism and Stereochemistry - Applications
Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?
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A.
2-methylbutane
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B.
3-methylbutane
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C.
2-pentene
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D.
2-pentanol
Solution
The longest chain has four carbons, and there is a methyl group on the second carbon, making it 2-methylbutane.
Correct Answer: A — 2-methylbutane
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Q. What is the stereochemical configuration of (R)-2-butanol?
Solution
(R)-2-butanol has the R configuration at the chiral center.
Correct Answer: B — R
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Q. What type of isomerism is exhibited by glucose and fructose?
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A.
Structural isomerism
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B.
Geometric isomerism
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C.
Optical isomerism
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D.
Conformational isomerism
Solution
Glucose and fructose are structural isomers as they have the same molecular formula but different structures.
Correct Answer: A — Structural isomerism
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Q. Which functional group is present in amino acids?
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A.
Carboxyl group
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B.
Hydroxyl group
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C.
Carbonyl group
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D.
Aldehyde group
Solution
Amino acids contain both an amino group and a carboxyl group.
Correct Answer: A — Carboxyl group
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Q. Which functional group is present in both amino acids and proteins?
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A.
Carboxyl group
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B.
Hydroxyl group
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C.
Carbonyl group
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D.
Aldehyde group
Solution
Amino acids contain both an amino group and a carboxyl group, which are also present in proteins.
Correct Answer: A — Carboxyl group
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Q. Which of the following compounds can exhibit cis-trans isomerism?
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A.
1-hexene
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B.
Cyclohexane
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C.
2-hexene
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D.
Benzene
Solution
2-hexene has a double bond that allows for cis and trans configurations.
Correct Answer: C — 2-hexene
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of enantiomers?
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A.
They have the same physical properties.
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B.
They rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.
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C.
They can be separated by distillation.
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D.
They have different molecular formulas.
Solution
Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images and rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.
Correct Answer: B — They rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.
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