Functional Groups and Nomenclature
Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-COOH?
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A.
3-Hydroxybutanoic acid
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B.
2-Hydroxybutanoic acid
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C.
Butanoic acid
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D.
Butan-2-ol
Solution
The compound has a hydroxyl group on the second carbon and a carboxylic acid, making it 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid.
Correct Answer: B — 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid
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Q. What is the functional group present in aldehydes?
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A.
-OH
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B.
-COOH
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C.
-CHO
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D.
-NH2
Solution
Aldehydes contain the -CHO functional group, which is characteristic of this class of compounds.
Correct Answer: C — -CHO
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Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2?
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A.
Butanamine
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B.
Butan-1-amine
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C.
1-Butanamine
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D.
Butylamine
Solution
The compound is a straight-chain amine with four carbons, making it Butan-1-amine.
Correct Answer: B — Butan-1-amine
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Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH2-CH2-CO-CH3?
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A.
Pentanal
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B.
2-Pentanone
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C.
3-Pentanone
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D.
Butan-2-one
Solution
The compound has five carbon atoms and a ketone functional group at the second carbon, making it 2-Pentanone.
Correct Answer: B — 2-Pentanone
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Q. What is the IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CO-CH2-CH3?
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A.
Butan-2-one
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B.
Butan-1-one
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C.
Pentanal
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D.
2-Pentanone
Solution
The compound has a ketone functional group on the second carbon of a four-carbon chain, making it butan-2-one.
Correct Answer: A — Butan-2-one
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Q. Which compound is an example of a ketone?
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A.
CH3-CO-CH3
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B.
CH3-CHO
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C.
C2H5OH
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D.
C3H7COOH
Solution
CH3-CO-CH3 is a ketone because it has a carbonyl group (C=O) flanked by two carbon atoms.
Correct Answer: A — CH3-CO-CH3
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Q. Which of the following compounds contains an amine functional group?
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A.
CH3-CH2-NH2
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B.
CH3-COOH
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C.
CH3-CHO
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D.
C6H5-CO-CH3
Solution
CH3-CH2-NH2 contains an amine functional group (-NH2), which is characteristic of amines.
Correct Answer: A — CH3-CH2-NH2
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of carboxylic acids?
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A.
Presence of -OH group
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B.
Presence of -COOH group
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C.
Presence of -CHO group
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D.
Presence of -NH2 group
Solution
Carboxylic acids are defined by the presence of the -COOH functional group.
Correct Answer: B — Presence of -COOH group
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