Aldehydes and Ketones
Q. What functional group is present in both aldehydes and ketones?
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A.
Hydroxyl
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B.
Carbonyl
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C.
Carboxyl
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D.
Amino
Solution
Both aldehydes and ketones contain a carbonyl group (C=O).
Correct Answer: B — Carbonyl
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Q. What is the stereochemistry of 2-butanone?
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A.
Achiral
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B.
Chiral
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C.
R/S configuration
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D.
E/Z configuration
Solution
2-Butanone is achiral because it does not have a chiral center.
Correct Answer: A — Achiral
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Q. Which of the following is a common test for aldehydes?
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A.
Benedict's test
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B.
Tollens' test
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C.
Fehling's test
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D.
All of the above
Solution
All of the listed tests (Benedict's, Tollens', and Fehling's) can be used to identify aldehydes.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following is the correct structure for 3-pentanone?
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A.
CH3COCH2CH2CH3
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B.
CH3CH2COCH2CH3
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C.
CH3CH2CH2COCH3
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D.
CH3COCH3
Solution
3-Pentanone has the structure CH3CH2COCH2CH3, with the carbonyl group on the third carbon.
Correct Answer: B — CH3CH2COCH2CH3
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Q. Which of the following statements is true regarding ketones?
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A.
They can be oxidized to carboxylic acids.
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B.
They are more reactive than aldehydes.
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C.
They cannot form hydrogen bonds.
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D.
They have a higher boiling point than aldehydes.
Solution
Ketones cannot form hydrogen bonds with themselves, which is why they have lower boiling points compared to aldehydes.
Correct Answer: C — They cannot form hydrogen bonds.
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Q. Which reagent is commonly used to reduce aldehydes to alcohols?
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A.
LiAlH4
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B.
KMnO4
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C.
NaBH4
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D.
H2SO4
Solution
Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is commonly used to reduce aldehydes to primary alcohols.
Correct Answer: C — NaBH4
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