Straight Lines
Q. Determine the distance from the point (3, 4) to the line 2x + 3y - 12 = 0.
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Solution
Using the formula for distance from a point to a line, d = |Ax1 + By1 + C| / sqrt(A^2 + B^2), we find d = |2(3) + 3(4) - 12| / sqrt(2^2 + 3^2) = 3.
Correct Answer: B — 3
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Q. Find the equation of the line parallel to y = 3x + 2 and passing through (4, 5).
A.
y = 3x - 7
B.
y = 3x + 5
C.
y = 3x + 2
D.
y = 3x - 2
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Solution
Since the line is parallel, it has the same slope. Using point-slope form: y - 5 = 3(x - 4) gives y = 3x - 7.
Correct Answer: A — y = 3x - 7
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Q. Find the equation of the line parallel to y = 3x + 2 that passes through the point (4, 1).
A.
y = 3x - 11
B.
y = 3x + 1
C.
y = 3x + 2
D.
y = 3x - 2
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Solution
Since the line is parallel, it has the same slope (3). Using point-slope form: y - 1 = 3(x - 4) gives y = 3x - 11.
Correct Answer: A — y = 3x - 11
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Q. Find the equation of the line parallel to y = 5x - 3 that passes through the point (2, 1).
A.
y = 5x - 9
B.
y = 5x + 1
C.
y = 5x - 7
D.
y = 5x + 3
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Solution
Since the slope is the same (5), using point-slope form: y - 1 = 5(x - 2) gives y = 5x - 9.
Correct Answer: A — y = 5x - 9
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Q. Find the equation of the line that passes through (0, 0) and has a slope of 5.
A.
y = 5x
B.
y = x/5
C.
y = 5/x
D.
y = 1/5x
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Solution
Using the slope-intercept form y = mx + b, with m = 5 and b = 0, we get y = 5x.
Correct Answer: A — y = 5x
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Q. Find the equation of the line that passes through the origin and has a slope of -3.
A.
y = -3x
B.
y = 3x
C.
y = -x/3
D.
y = 1/3x
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Solution
Using the slope-intercept form, the equation is y = -3x.
Correct Answer: A — y = -3x
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Q. Find the equation of the line that passes through the point (4, -1) and is perpendicular to the line y = 3x + 2.
A.
y = -1/3x + 5/3
B.
y = 3x - 13
C.
y = -3x + 11
D.
y = 1/3x - 5/3
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Solution
The slope of the given line is 3, so the slope of the perpendicular line is -1/3. Using point-slope form, we get y + 1 = -1/3(x - 4), which simplifies to y = -1/3x + 11/3.
Correct Answer: C — y = -3x + 11
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Q. Find the equation of the line that passes through the points (2, 3) and (4, 7).
A.
y = 2x - 1
B.
y = 2x + 1
C.
y = 3x - 3
D.
y = x + 1
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Solution
The slope m = (7 - 3) / (4 - 2) = 2. Using point-slope form: y - 3 = 2(x - 2) gives y = 2x + 1.
Correct Answer: B — y = 2x + 1
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Q. Find the y-intercept of the line 4x + y - 8 = 0.
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Solution
Setting x = 0 in the equation gives y = 8. Therefore, the y-intercept is 8.
Correct Answer: A — 8
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Q. If the line 2x + 3y = 6 intersects the x-axis, what is the x-coordinate of the intersection point?
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Solution
Setting y = 0 gives 2x = 6, thus x = 3. The x-coordinate of the intersection point is 3.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. If the line 3x - 4y + 12 = 0 is parallel to another line, what is the slope of the parallel line?
A.
3/4
B.
-3/4
C.
4/3
D.
-4/3
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Solution
Rearranging gives y = (3/4)x + 3. The slope of the line is 3/4, so the slope of the parallel line is -3/4.
Correct Answer: B — -3/4
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Q. If the line 3x - 4y + 12 = 0 is parallel to which of the following lines?
A.
6x - 8y + 24 = 0
B.
3x + 4y - 12 = 0
C.
x + 2y - 5 = 0
D.
2x - 3y + 6 = 0
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Solution
Parallel lines have the same slope. The slope of the given line is 3/4, which is the same as the slope of 6x - 8y + 24 = 0.
Correct Answer: A — 6x - 8y + 24 = 0
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Q. What is the angle between the lines y = 2x + 1 and y = -1/2x + 3?
A.
90 degrees
B.
60 degrees
C.
45 degrees
D.
30 degrees
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Solution
The slopes are m1 = 2 and m2 = -1/2. The angle θ = tan^(-1) |(m1 - m2) / (1 + m1*m2)| = tan^(-1)(5/4) which is approximately 60 degrees.
Correct Answer: B — 60 degrees
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Q. What is the distance between the points (2, 3) and (5, 7)?
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Solution
Using the distance formula, d = √((5 - 2)² + (7 - 3)²) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5.
Correct Answer: A — 5
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Q. What is the equation of the line passing through the points (1, 2) and (3, 4)?
A.
y = x + 1
B.
y = 2x
C.
y = x + 2
D.
y = 2x - 2
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Solution
The slope m = (4 - 2) / (3 - 1) = 1. Using point-slope form, y - 2 = 1(x - 1) gives y = x + 1.
Correct Answer: A — y = x + 1
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Q. What is the equation of the line passing through the points (1, 2) and (3, 6)?
A.
y = 2x
B.
y = 3x - 1
C.
y = x + 1
D.
y = 4x - 2
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Solution
The slope m = (6 - 2) / (3 - 1) = 2. Using point-slope form, y - 2 = 2(x - 1) gives y = 2x.
Correct Answer: A — y = 2x
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Q. What is the equation of the line that passes through the origin and has a slope of -1?
A.
y = -x
B.
y = x
C.
y = -2x
D.
y = 2x
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Solution
The equation of a line through the origin with slope m is y = mx. Thus, y = -1x or y = -x.
Correct Answer: A — y = -x
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Q. What is the point of intersection of the lines x + y = 5 and 2x - y = 1?
A.
(2, 3)
B.
(3, 2)
C.
(1, 4)
D.
(4, 1)
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Solution
Solving the equations simultaneously, we find x = 2 and y = 3. Thus, the point of intersection is (2, 3).
Correct Answer: A — (2, 3)
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Q. What is the point of intersection of the lines y = 3x + 1 and y = -x + 5?
A.
(1, 4)
B.
(2, 7)
C.
(3, 10)
D.
(4, 13)
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Solution
Setting 3x + 1 = -x + 5 gives 4x = 4, thus x = 1. Substituting x back gives y = 4. The intersection point is (1, 4).
Correct Answer: A — (1, 4)
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Q. What is the slope of the line perpendicular to the line 3x + 4y = 12?
A.
-3/4
B.
4/3
C.
3/4
D.
-4/3
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Solution
The slope of the line 3x + 4y = 12 is -3/4. The slope of the perpendicular line is the negative reciprocal, which is 4/3.
Correct Answer: B — 4/3
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Q. What is the slope of the line perpendicular to the line 5x + 2y = 10?
A.
-2/5
B.
5/2
C.
2/5
D.
-5/2
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Solution
The slope of the line is -5/2. The slope of the perpendicular line is the negative reciprocal, which is 2/5.
Correct Answer: A — -2/5
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Q. What is the slope of the line perpendicular to the line 7x - 2y + 3 = 0?
A.
1/2
B.
-1/2
C.
2
D.
-2
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Solution
The slope of the line is 7/2. The slope of the perpendicular line is the negative reciprocal, which is -2/7.
Correct Answer: B — -1/2
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Q. What is the slope of the line perpendicular to the line 7x - 2y = 14?
A.
1/7
B.
-1/7
C.
2/7
D.
-2/7
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Solution
The slope of the line is 7/2. The slope of the perpendicular line is the negative reciprocal, which is -2/7.
Correct Answer: B — -1/7
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Q. What is the x-intercept of the line 5x - 2y + 10 = 0?
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Solution
Setting y = 0 in the equation gives 5x + 10 = 0, thus x = -2.
Correct Answer: B — 2
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Q. What is the x-intercept of the line 6x - 2y = 12?
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Solution
Setting y = 0 in the equation gives 6x = 12, thus x = 2. The x-intercept is 2.
Correct Answer: B — 3
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Q. Which of the following points lies on the line 4x - 5y + 20 = 0?
A.
(5, 0)
B.
(0, 4)
C.
(4, 0)
D.
(0, -4)
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Solution
Substituting (0, -4) into the equation gives 4(0) - 5(-4) + 20 = 0, which is true.
Correct Answer: D — (0, -4)
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