Thermal Physics - Kinetic Theory
Q. In the kinetic theory of gases, the term 'elastic collision' means: (2019)
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A.
Kinetic energy is conserved
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B.
Momentum is conserved
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C.
Both kinetic energy and momentum are conserved
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D.
Neither kinetic energy nor momentum is conserved
Solution
In elastic collisions, both kinetic energy and momentum are conserved, which is a key assumption in the kinetic theory of gases.
Correct Answer: C — Both kinetic energy and momentum are conserved
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Q. The concept of absolute zero is defined as the temperature at which: (2020)
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A.
Molecular motion ceases
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B.
Pressure is zero
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C.
Volume is zero
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D.
Density is maximum
Solution
Absolute zero is defined as the temperature at which molecular motion ceases, corresponding to 0 Kelvin.
Correct Answer: A — Molecular motion ceases
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Q. The pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its temperature when: (2022)
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A.
Volume is constant
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B.
Number of moles is constant
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C.
Both volume and number of moles are constant
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D.
None of the above
Solution
According to Gay-Lussac's law, the pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its temperature when the volume is held constant.
Correct Answer: A — Volume is constant
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Q. Which of the following gases behaves most like an ideal gas? (2023)
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A.
Helium
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B.
Carbon dioxide
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C.
Water vapor
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D.
Ammonia
Solution
Helium behaves most like an ideal gas due to its low intermolecular forces and small size, making it closer to the ideal gas behavior.
Correct Answer: A — Helium
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