Physical World & Units - Errors & Measurements
Q. If a measurement is accurate, it means: (2019)
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A.
It is close to the true value
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B.
It is consistent
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C.
It has a small error
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D.
It is precise
Solution
Accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true value.
Correct Answer: A — It is close to the true value
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Q. In measurements, what does the term 'precision' refer to? (2022)
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A.
Closeness to the true value
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B.
Consistency of repeated measurements
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C.
Range of values
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D.
Average of measurements
Solution
Precision refers to the consistency of repeated measurements, regardless of their accuracy.
Correct Answer: B — Consistency of repeated measurements
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Q. The uncertainty in a measurement is defined as: (2022)
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A.
The difference between the maximum and minimum values
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B.
The average of the measurements
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C.
The standard deviation
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D.
The range of values
Solution
Uncertainty is often defined as the range of values within which the true value lies.
Correct Answer: A — The difference between the maximum and minimum values
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Q. What is the absolute error in a measurement? (2021)
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A.
The difference between the measured value and the true value
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B.
The average of all measurements
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C.
The maximum value in a set of measurements
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D.
The minimum value in a set of measurements
Solution
Absolute error is defined as the difference between the measured value and the true value.
Correct Answer: A — The difference between the measured value and the true value
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Q. What is the unit of measurement for electric current? (2019)
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A.
Volt
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B.
Ohm
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C.
Ampere
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D.
Watt
Solution
The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere (A).
Correct Answer: C — Ampere
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Q. Which of the following is a common source of random error? (2023)
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A.
Instrument calibration
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B.
Environmental conditions
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C.
Human reaction time
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D.
Systematic bias
Solution
Human reaction time can introduce variability in measurements, leading to random errors.
Correct Answer: C — Human reaction time
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Q. Which of the following represents a systematic error? (2020)
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A.
Calibration error
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B.
Random fluctuations
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C.
Environmental changes
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D.
Human error
Solution
Systematic errors are consistent and repeatable inaccuracies, often due to calibration errors.
Correct Answer: A — Calibration error
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