Periodic Table and Periodicity - Numerical Applications
Q. What is the expected oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphoric acid (H3PO4)?
Solution
In phosphoric acid, phosphorus has an oxidation state of +5.
Correct Answer: C — 5
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Q. What is the primary product of the reaction between a strong acid and a strong base?
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A.
Salt
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B.
Water
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C.
Hydrogen gas
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D.
Carbon dioxide
Solution
The primary products of a strong acid and strong base reaction are salt and water, but salt is the main focus.
Correct Answer: A — Salt
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Q. What is the primary product of the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid?
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A.
Zinc chloride
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B.
Hydrogen gas
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C.
Zinc hydroxide
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D.
Zinc oxide
Solution
The reaction produces zinc chloride and hydrogen gas as a byproduct.
Correct Answer: A — Zinc chloride
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Q. What is the trend in ionization energy across a period?
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A.
Increases
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B.
Decreases
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C.
Remains constant
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D.
Increases then decreases
Solution
Ionization energy generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.
Correct Answer: A — Increases
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Q. What is the trend in metallic character as you move across a period from left to right?
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A.
It increases
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B.
It decreases
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C.
It remains constant
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D.
It first increases then decreases
Solution
Metallic character decreases as you move from left to right across a period.
Correct Answer: B — It decreases
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Q. Which of the following compounds is an example of a coordination compound?
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A.
NaCl
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B.
CuSO4
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C.
Ag(NH3)2Cl
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D.
H2O
Solution
Ag(NH3)2Cl is a coordination compound with a central silver ion coordinated to two ammonia ligands.
Correct Answer: C — Ag(NH3)2Cl
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Q. Which of the following elements has the smallest ionization energy?
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A.
Lithium
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B.
Sodium
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C.
Potassium
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D.
Rubidium
Solution
Ionization energy decreases down a group; rubidium has the smallest ionization energy among these.
Correct Answer: D — Rubidium
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Q. Which of the following metals is most likely to be oxidized in a redox reaction?
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A.
Gold
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B.
Silver
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C.
Copper
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D.
Sodium
Solution
Sodium is highly reactive and easily oxidized compared to the other metals listed.
Correct Answer: D — Sodium
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Q. Which of the following metals is most likely to be reduced in a redox reaction?
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A.
Sodium
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B.
Copper
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C.
Potassium
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D.
Calcium
Solution
Copper is more likely to be reduced because it has a higher reduction potential compared to the other metals listed.
Correct Answer: B — Copper
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