Satellite Motion
Q. What is the relationship between the orbital radius and the period of a satellite in a circular orbit?
A.
T is directly proportional to r
B.
T is inversely proportional to r
C.
T is proportional to r^2
D.
T is proportional to √r
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Solution
The period T of a satellite is proportional to the square root of the orbital radius r (T ∝ √r).
Correct Answer: D — T is proportional to √r
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Q. What is the relationship between the orbital radius and the time period of a satellite?
A.
T ∝ r^2
B.
T ∝ r^3/2
C.
T ∝ r
D.
T ∝ r^1/2
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Solution
The time period T of a satellite is related to the orbital radius r by T ∝ r^(3/2), according to Kepler's third law.
Correct Answer: B — T ∝ r^3/2
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Q. What is the relationship between the period of a satellite and its orbital radius?
A.
T is directly proportional to r
B.
T is inversely proportional to r
C.
T is proportional to r^2
D.
T is proportional to √r
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Solution
The period T of a satellite is proportional to the square root of the orbital radius r, as given by T = 2π√(r^3/GM).
Correct Answer: D — T is proportional to √r
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Q. What type of orbit does a satellite in a geosynchronous orbit have?
A.
Elliptical orbit
B.
Circular orbit
C.
Parabolic orbit
D.
Hyperbolic orbit
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Solution
A geosynchronous satellite typically has a circular orbit to maintain a constant position relative to the Earth's surface.
Correct Answer: B — Circular orbit
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the gravitational force acting on a satellite?
A.
Mass of the satellite
B.
Mass of the Earth
C.
Distance from the center of the Earth
D.
Speed of the satellite
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Solution
The gravitational force depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them, but not on the speed of the satellite.
Correct Answer: D — Speed of the satellite
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the gravitational force between a satellite and the Earth?
A.
Mass of the satellite
B.
Mass of the Earth
C.
Distance between the satellite and the Earth
D.
Speed of the satellite
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Solution
The gravitational force depends on the masses and the distance, but not on the speed of the satellite.
Correct Answer: D — Speed of the satellite
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the gravitational force on a satellite?
A.
Mass of the satellite
B.
Mass of the Earth
C.
Distance from the center of the Earth
D.
Speed of the satellite
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Solution
The gravitational force on a satellite depends on its mass, the mass of the Earth, and the distance from the center of the Earth, but not on the speed of the satellite.
Correct Answer: D — Speed of the satellite
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the orbital period of a satellite?
A.
Mass of the satellite
B.
Height of the orbit
C.
Mass of the Earth
D.
Gravitational constant
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Solution
The mass of the satellite does not affect the orbital period; it is determined by the height of the orbit and the mass of the Earth.
Correct Answer: A — Mass of the satellite
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Q. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the orbital speed of a satellite?
A.
Mass of the satellite
B.
Mass of the Earth
C.
Radius of the orbit
D.
Gravitational constant
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Solution
The mass of the satellite does not affect its orbital speed; it is determined by the mass of the Earth and the radius of the orbit.
Correct Answer: A — Mass of the satellite
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of a polar orbiting satellite?
A.
It orbits above the equator
B.
It has a fixed position relative to the Earth
C.
It passes over the poles
D.
It is used for communication
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Solution
A polar orbiting satellite passes over the poles, allowing it to cover the entire surface of the Earth over time.
Correct Answer: C — It passes over the poles
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a satellite in a stable orbit?
A.
It experiences no net force.
B.
It moves with constant speed.
C.
It has a constant distance from the Earth.
D.
It is in free fall.
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Solution
A satellite in a stable orbit does experience a net force (gravitational force), but it is in free fall, moving with constant speed along a curved path.
Correct Answer: A — It experiences no net force.
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Q. Which of the following is true about the escape velocity from the surface of the Earth?
A.
It is independent of the mass of the object
B.
It is dependent on the mass of the Earth
C.
It is dependent on the radius of the Earth
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object, but it depends on the mass and radius of the Earth.
Correct Answer: D — All of the above
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Q. Which of the following is true about the period of a satellite in a low Earth orbit compared to a satellite in a high Earth orbit?
A.
The period is longer for low Earth orbit
B.
The period is shorter for low Earth orbit
C.
The periods are the same
D.
It depends on the satellite's mass
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Solution
The period of a satellite in a low Earth orbit is shorter than that of a satellite in a high Earth orbit due to the stronger gravitational pull.
Correct Answer: B — The period is shorter for low Earth orbit
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Q. Which of the following is true about the period of a satellite in a low Earth orbit compared to a satellite in a geostationary orbit?
A.
The period is longer for the low Earth orbit
B.
The period is shorter for the low Earth orbit
C.
The periods are the same
D.
The period depends on the satellite's mass
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Solution
A satellite in a low Earth orbit has a shorter orbital period compared to a geostationary satellite due to its closer proximity to Earth.
Correct Answer: B — The period is shorter for the low Earth orbit
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Q. Which of the following is true for a satellite in a low Earth orbit?
A.
It has a very high orbital speed
B.
It has a very low orbital speed
C.
It does not experience any gravitational force
D.
It is not affected by atmospheric drag
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Solution
A satellite in a low Earth orbit has a very high orbital speed due to the proximity to the Earth and the gravitational pull.
Correct Answer: A — It has a very high orbital speed
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Q. Which of the following orbits allows a satellite to cover the entire surface of the Earth over time?
A.
Geostationary orbit
B.
Polar orbit
C.
Circular orbit
D.
Elliptical orbit
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Solution
A polar orbit allows a satellite to pass over the entire surface of the Earth as the Earth rotates beneath it.
Correct Answer: B — Polar orbit
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Q. Which of the following orbits is used for weather satellites?
A.
Geostationary orbit
B.
Polar orbit
C.
Elliptical orbit
D.
Low Earth orbit
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Solution
Weather satellites typically use polar orbits to cover the entire surface of the Earth as the planet rotates beneath them.
Correct Answer: B — Polar orbit
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Q. Which of the following statements about geostationary satellites is true?
A.
They orbit the Earth in a polar orbit
B.
They have a period of 24 hours
C.
They are closer to the Earth than low Earth orbit satellites
D.
They can be used for global positioning
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Solution
Geostationary satellites have an orbital period equal to the Earth's rotation period, which is 24 hours.
Correct Answer: B — They have a period of 24 hours
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Q. Which of the following statements is true about geostationary satellites?
A.
They orbit the Earth in a polar orbit.
B.
They have a period equal to the Earth's rotation period.
C.
They are always in the same position relative to the Earth.
D.
Both b and c
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Solution
Geostationary satellites have a period equal to the Earth's rotation period and remain in the same position relative to the Earth.
Correct Answer: D — Both b and c
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Q. Which of the following statements is true for a satellite in a stable orbit?
A.
It requires continuous propulsion.
B.
It moves in a straight line.
C.
It is acted upon by gravitational force.
D.
It has zero velocity.
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Solution
A satellite in a stable orbit is acted upon by gravitational force, which provides the necessary centripetal force to keep it in orbit.
Correct Answer: C — It is acted upon by gravitational force.
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Q. Which type of orbit allows a satellite to cover the entire surface of the Earth over time?
A.
Geostationary orbit
B.
Polar orbit
C.
Circular orbit
D.
Elliptical orbit
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Solution
A polar orbit allows a satellite to pass over the entire surface of the Earth as the Earth rotates beneath it.
Correct Answer: B — Polar orbit
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Q. Which type of orbit allows a satellite to cover the entire surface of the Earth?
A.
Geostationary orbit
B.
Polar orbit
C.
Elliptical orbit
D.
Circular orbit
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Solution
A polar orbit allows a satellite to pass over the entire surface of the Earth as the Earth rotates beneath it.
Correct Answer: B — Polar orbit
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Q. Which type of orbit allows a satellite to pass over the same point on the Earth's surface at the same local solar time every day?
A.
Polar orbit
B.
Geostationary orbit
C.
Sun-synchronous orbit
D.
Elliptical orbit
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Solution
A sun-synchronous orbit allows a satellite to pass over the same point on the Earth's surface at the same local solar time every day, as it is synchronized with the Earth's position relative to the Sun.
Correct Answer: C — Sun-synchronous orbit
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Q. Which type of satellite orbit is best for monitoring weather patterns?
A.
Geostationary orbit
B.
Polar orbit
C.
Elliptical orbit
D.
Low Earth orbit
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Solution
Geostationary satellites are ideal for monitoring weather patterns as they provide a constant view of the same area.
Correct Answer: A — Geostationary orbit
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Q. Which type of satellite orbit is best for weather monitoring?
A.
Geostationary orbit
B.
Polar orbit
C.
Elliptical orbit
D.
Low Earth orbit
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Solution
Geostationary orbits are ideal for weather monitoring as they provide a constant view of the same area of the Earth.
Correct Answer: A — Geostationary orbit
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